Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 10 imizuzu
Imibono emisha DeFi ngokuyinhloko zisekelwe kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum, futhi zisekelwe kuzinkontileka ezihlakaniphile blockchain. I-ecosystem DeFi yakhulela emthunzini we-Bitcoin boom kanye ne-cryptocurrency craze, nakuba imisha DeFi akakaze athole ukunakwa okufanayo criptovalute.
Ngendlela elula engenzeka, ukusungula izinto ezintsha DeFi ihlose ukufaka esikhundleni sezinsizakalo zezezimali ezikhona ngezinsizakalo ezifinyeleleka kakhulu. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, emisha DeFi ifuna ukwenza izinsiza zezezimali zisebenze kahle kakhulu, zivikeleke futhi zithembeke.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukaniselwe amazwe futhi ikakhulukazi ubuchwepheshe blockchain. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe blockchain vele sekuyinto ejwayelekile ebhizinisini.
Izinkampani ezingenakubalwa zamadola ayizigidigidi zihlola ngenkuthalo amathuba we blockchain noma sebesebenzisa ubuchwepheshe.
La DeFi ihlose ukufaka esikhundleni samabhange izixazululo ezihlukaniselwe amakhasimende ngqo, ngokuvuleleka futhi kalula ukufinyelela kuzo. Futhi, lezi emisha DeFi zizovuleleka kubo bonke, yingakho abanye befona DeFi "imali evulekile".
Izinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zobuchwepheshe DeFi zintathu ngokuyisisekelo:
La magama angase abonakale enzima ukuwaqonda, kodwa empeleni anembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basenhliziyweni yokuqonda izinzuzo zokusungula izinto ezintsha DeFi.
Kusukelaukungaguquki, lokhu kubhekisela ekutheni ulwazi olukusistimu yangempela DeFi aziguquleki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akekho ongashintsha noma aphazamise idatha noma ulwazi oluqukethwe ohlelweni DeFi.
Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi kwenzeke ngobuchwepheshe be-leveraging distributed ledger (DLT) njengento eyodwa blockchain. Imvelo yokwahlukaniswa kwesistimu enjalo isho ukuthi akekho umlingisi oyedwa ophethe idatha. Ngokulandelayo, umlingisi akakwazi ukushintsha idatha, okwandisa kokubili ukuphepha kanye nekhono lokulawula idatha.
La ukuhleleka, esikhundleni salokho, iphathelene nokusebenza kwesistimu DeFi. Izisombululo DeFi zisekelwe "kuzivumelwano ezihlakaniphile", abasebenzisi abangazihlela ukuze bazenze ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho umbandela othile ufinyelelwa. Lokhu kukhulisa ukwethembana, njengoba kungekho muntu ongaphazamisa isivumelwano.
Ekugcineni, iukusebenzisana wezinhlelo DeFi livela kunethiwekhi ye-Ethereum esekela izixazululo eziningi DeFi. Lesi sitaki sesofthiwe esivamile kanye nokuvumelana kwe-Ethereum kusho ukuthi kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukaniselwe amazwe (dApps) kanye nezivumelwano DeFi ingahlanganiswa nomunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, imele uhlelo olusebenzisana ngempela.
Abasekeli be DeFi kanye nobuchwepheshe blockchain, ngokuvamile, bangaphikisa kalula ukuthi zonke izixazululo DeFi ngokwendalo yabo, banemibono emisha. Ebheka defiukusungulwa kwe-Oxford Languages, kuvele kube yinto “equkethe izindlela ezintsha; ethuthukisiwe neyangempela”.
Uma kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile, umuntu angaphakamisa ukuthi lokhu kusho zonke izixazululo DeFi ngokwezinga elithile, kuwukuqamba okusha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanye amaphrojekthi DeFi aqukethe izixazululo DeFi "okuningi" okusha kunabanye. Isibonelo, ukumane udlulisele umsebenzi wezezimali okhona ekusetheni DeFi ngokuqinisekile kungaba indlela enhle kakhulu yokulenza liqine kakhudlwana. Ingqalasizinda esezindaweni ezihlukene ihlala ingcono kunengqalasizinda ephakathi nendawo.
Ukufika kwamaphrojekthi DeFi i-innovative inikeza ithuba lokucabanga kabusha ngemithetho. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bunikeza inkululeko eyengeziwe ekuklameni izixazululo ezintsha, ngezindlela eziningi, eziphakeme kunezikhona kakade, ezinombono ofanele nolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe.
Umkhiqizo DeFi esungulayo ngempela yileyo edlula izinsiza zezezimali zefa ngokuba ngcono futhi kube lula ukuzisebenzisa. Ngenxa yalokho, labo abafuna ukwakha isixazululo DeFi inguquko kumele ikhombe isisombululo.
Okwamanje, sekunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi DeFi ngamasevisi ngokuvamile ahlinzekwa abahlinzeki besevisi yezezimali bendabuko.
Isibonelo, zikhona kakade izixazululo DeFi abenza yonke into kusukela ekubolekeni nasekubolekiseni kuya kumshwalense kuya ezivumelwaneni ezihlukahlukene zokuhweba kuya ekuhwebeni okuhlukaniselwe amazwe kanye nezinkundla zezibambiso ezihlukaniselwe amazwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-stablecoins enza izinzuzo ze-cryptocurrency zifinyeleleke kakhudlwana DeFi kanye nezimali zedijithali kumuntu ongabazayo we-cryptocurrency. I-Stablecoins, empeleni, yimali yedijithali efana ne-cryptocurrensets, kodwa ngaphandle kokushintshashintsha okuphawulekayo kwama-cryptocurrencies.
Esikhundleni salokho, ama-stablecoins axhunywe enanini lemali ye-fiat, i-cryptocurrency, impahla, noma ubhasikidi walezi zinto. Lokhu kuguquguquka okuphansi kusho ukuthi kunengozi encane kubatshalizimali yokuthi inani lomsebenzi noma inani lizoshintsha ngaphambi kokuthi kusetshenziswe inkontileka ehlakaniphile.
Ngenxa yalokho, indawo DeFi liya lithandeka kakhulu ezinkampanini ezinkulu nakubatshalizimali njengoba kuvela lezi zinhlobo zezixazululo. Nakuba ukukhula okukhulayo kwensimu DeFi iyathandeka kubasebenzisi, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukwethulwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza DeFi okusha ngokwengeziwe.
Akukaze kube nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi DeFi emisha emakethe yanamuhla. Isibonelo, kunemithetho yemalimboleko DeFi, woza Ikomidi , izixazululo zomshwalense njenge-Nexus Mutual, izimakethe zokubikezela njenge-Augur, izinketho zokuhweba ezinikezwe amandla njenge-dYdX, nezinye izinto zokwenziwa zempahla, okuhlanganisa i-UMA.
Yonke le mikhiqizo iyizinhlelo zokusebenza DeFi inkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi inobuhlakani obusha kunokumane unikeze izimali ezithunyelwayo ezishibhile nezisheshayo.
Enye ingxenye engezansi yezixazululo DeFi yileyo yamaphrojekthi DeFi ubuhlakani obusha. Nokho, ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukufika kwamaphrojekthi DeFi ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi, kuyadingeka okokuqala ukuqonda ukuthi yini ehlanganisa ukusungulwa komphakathi.
Amasu amasha omphakathi yilawo athuthukisa umphakathi wonkana. Lokhu kungahlanganisa izihloko eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ingavela ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezinjengokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi, izimo zokusebenza zabantu, imfundo, ngisho nenjabulo.
Kalula nje, the DeFi okusungulwayo kwezenhlalo kumele kube amaphrojekthi athuthukisa ngempela umphakathi kanye neqhaza labantu abakuwo. Isixazululo DeFi okusheshisa izinkokhelo kuyathakazelisa futhi ngokuqinisekile kuzokwenza izinkokhelo zisebenze kahle, kodwa kuyaphikiswana ngokuthi kungathiwa iphrojekthi DeFi i-social innovative.
Esikhundleni salokho, iphrojekthi efaneleka njengokusungulwa komphakathi kufanele ibe uguquko lwangempela lomdlalo; i-paradigm shift. Ake sicabange nge-dApp DeFi enikeza ukubolekwa kwezimali ezincane kubantu abahlala emazweni omhlaba wesithathu.
Nakuba i-microfinance ikude nomqondo omusha, isathembele kwingqalasizinda yezimali ekhona njengamabhange. Imali mboleko yemali encane ibe yimpumelelo enkulu ezwenikazi laseNdiya kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule. Kodwa-ke, imfuneko yale mpumelelo kwakuwukuba seduze namabhange akhona, angahlinzeka ngemalimboleko yezimali ezincane.
I-Sub-Saharan Africa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ayinayo ingqalasizinda yamabhange esele ikhona ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kuyingxenye yokuthi kungani ukubolekwa kwezimali ezincane kungakenzi impumelelo yangempela emazweni amaningi omhlaba wesithathu. Yiqiniso, izikweletu ngokwazo ngokuvamile ziyakwazi ukukhipha abantu ebumpofu. Kodwa-ke, okokuqala, abaningi abakwazi ukufinyelela emabhange angaboleka.
Nokho, isixazululo se-dApp DeFi okwenza kube lula ukubolekwa kwezimali ezincane kulabo abangenakho ukufinyelela kwingqalasizinda yezimali evamile kungaba umkhiqizo DeFi ngempela innovative social.
Enye into DeFi ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi iphrojekthi yeParadigm DeFi. I-Paradigm iyinkampani yokutshala imali ye-cryptocurrency, kodwa manje isingena embonini ebanzi DeFi. Kunjalo, lokhu kungenxa yokuheha okukhulayo kwezimali ezisatshalaliswayo.
Eqinisweni, ngisho namabhange amafa ezigidigidi nezinkampani zithuthukisa ezazo izixazululo DeFi ukuhlala unokuncintisana esimweni sezezimali esishintshayo. Ngakho-ke, akufanele kumangaze lapho umdlali we-crypto njengeParadigm enquma ukwakha iphrojekthi futhi DeFi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iParadigm DeFi kungase futhi kwengeze izinzuzo ezibalulekile kulabo abafuna ukusebenzisa ama-dApps DeFi. Okokuqala, iphrojekthi yeParadigm DeFi izungeza ekunikezeni iphrothokholi yemalimboleko enamazinga enzalo amisiwe.
Le Paradigm yephrothokholi DeFi yaziwa ngokuthi “Iphrothokholi Yokusebenza” futhi ivela ku-Dan Robinson weParadigm kanye no-Allan Niemberg.
Isisekelo sale paradigm DeFi kuyinto eyaziwa ngokuthi “yTokens”. Lawa ma-yTokens asebenza ngokufana namabhondi ekhuphoni aziro futhi ama-yTokens azokhokha ngedethi ethile yesikhathi esizayo ngokuhlobene nenani lempahla ethile. Empeleni, abasebenzisi bangathenga noma bathengise lawa ma-yTokens futhi empeleni babolekise noma baboleke impahla okukhulunywa ngayo isikhathi esithile.
Abasebenzisi bayakwazi ukudala ngempumelelo ama-yTokens ngenkathi befaka uhlobo oluthile lwempahla njengesibambiso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ubani othenga ama-yTokens ale mpahla ufana nokuboleka impahla okukhulunywa ngayo. Sekukonke, ikhambi leParadigm DeFi esinye isixazululo esithatha indlela entsha DeFi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezikhona.
Ercole Palmeri
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