Umphakathi waseYurophu uzokwethula imithetho emisha ye-BigTechs

Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezifanaercolekusho kwiFinancial Times.
Imihlahlandlela, eklanyelwe ukumelana nezinsongo eziku-inthanethi zobuqotho bokhetho, izokwamukelwa yiKhomishini YaseYurophu ekuqaleni kwesonto elizayo, kubika i-Financial Times.

Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 4 imizuzu

Ngokombiko, amapulatifomu ahlulekayo ukulungisa ngokwanele ulwazi olunganembile noma ama-deepfakes anamandla e-AI angase abhekane nenhlawulo efinyelela ku-6% wemali engenayo yomhlaba.

Ukhetho lwaseYurophu kanye ne-DeepFake

Njengoba ukhetho lwase-Europe luzokwenziwa ngoJuni, izikhulu eziphezulu ze-EU bezikhathazeke kakhulu ngokuhlaselwa okungase kucekele phansi amanxusa aseRussia.

Ngezikhathi zokhetho, izinkundla zokuxhumana nezinjini zokusesha kulindeleke ukuthi zimise amaqembu azinikele ukuze ahlole ubungozi bokwaziswa okungelona iqiniso okuku-inthanethi ngezilimi ezihlukene ezingama-23 kuyo yonke i-bloc, ngokusho kwe-FT.
Ngokombiko, kuzomele bakhombise ukuthi basebenzisana kakhulu nama-cybersecurity agents emazweni angama-27 angamalungu e-EU.

Yini i-DeepFake

Ama-Deepfakes okuqukethwe okulalelwayo nokubonwayo okungamanga kwewebhu, okukhiqizwa ngu i-artificial intelligence (AI). Kusukela ezithombeni zangempela, amavidiyo nomsindo, i-AI iguqula ngokweqiniso noma iphinde idale izici nokunyakaza kobuso noma umzimba, ilingisa izwi layo ngokwethembeka12.

Nalu ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana ne-Deepfakes:

1. Defiintuthuko: Igama elithi "Deepfake"i-neologism eyakhiwe amagama "Deep Learning” (i-artificial intelligence technology) kanye “Fake” (okungukuthi amanga). Ngamanye amazwi, i-Deepfake ingamanga, okuqukethwe kwewebhu komsindo nokubonwayo okukhiqizwa yi-AI okushintsha ngempela izici zomuntu.
2. Isizukulwane: Ama-algorithms obuhlakani bokwenziwa aqeqeshwa kusetshenziswa amamodeli ama-neurons axhumene namanye. Lawa ma-algorithms afunda kudatha eyisampula, eqala ngezithombe zangempela, amavidiyo nomsindo. Muva nje, kuye kwasungulwa isoftware ekuvumela ukuthi udale ama-Deepfakes, noma usebenzisa i-smartphone1.
3. Izinsongo:
   • Ukwebiwa komazisi: Uma abantu abathintekayo bengaziswa noma bengavumanga, i Deepfake imele uhlobo olubi lokwebiwa kobunikazi.
   • Ubuxhwanguxhwangu be-Cyberbullying: Amavidiyo Deepfake bangadalelwa ukubhuqa noma ukubukela phansi abantu, ikakhulukazi abantu abasha.
   • Izindaba ezingamanga: Osopolitiki nabaholi bemibono bavamise ukuba yizisulu Deepfake, abazama ukuthonya umbono womphakathi ngokusabalalisa amavidiyo angamanga noma ashintshiwe.

Umthetho Wezinkonzo Zedijithali

I-European Union yethule imithetho emisha ye-Big Tech ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuncintisana okukhulu futhi kuvinjwe izinqubo zokubusa komuntu oyedwa. Le mithetho iqukethwe kuMthetho Wezinkonzo Zedijithali (i-DSA), oqale ukusebenza ngomhla ka-1 Novemba 2022.

1. Ukulawulwa “kwabalindisango”:
   • I-DSA isebenza kuzo zonke izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinabasebenzisi abasebenzayo abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-45 e-Europe.
   • Izinkampani ezibhekwa “njengabagcini bamasango” kufanele zithobelane nezimfuneko ezithile mayelana nokulinganisela okuqukethwe, ulwazi olunganembile nenkulumo enenzondo.
   • Isibonelo, izinkundla kuzodingeka zibe nabasebenzi abenele ukuze baphathe ukulinganiswa kokuqukethwe, futhi abasebenzisi bayoba nelungelo lokufaka izikhalazo ngolimi lwabo.
2. Isibopho sokuqukethwe:
   • I-Big Tech izodinga ukuqinisekisa ukulinganisela okusebenzayo kokuqukethwe okungekho emthethweni noma okuyingozi ezinkundleni zabo.
   • Bazobhekana nezijeziso uma bengahambisani nemithetho emisha.
3. Ukukhuthazwa kokuncintisana:
   • I-DSA ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka kwedatha nokusebenzisana kwezinsizakalo, ukukhuthaza ukuncintisana okukhulu.

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