Indiza yokuqala yendiza eluhlaza. Kubiza malini emhlabeni ukundiza?

Esikhathini lapho ukuhamba sekucishe kube yilungelo elingenakwephucwa kwabaningi, bambalwa abama ukuze bacabangeleumthelela wezemvelo ukuthi traffic traffic emhlabeni wethu. Isidingo esikhulayo sokuhamba ngendiza, esiqhutshwa amanani okugibela athengekayo kanye nokwanda kwenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke, kunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni, ikakhulukazi ngokwemibandela ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2), enye yezibalulekile Igesi greenhouse obhekene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 5 imizuzu

I-Boom in Air Traffic kanye nemiphumela yako

Ngo-2018, umhlaba wafakaza eyodwa ukukhula okuphawulekayo lokuhamba kwezindiza, okukhuphuke ngo-6% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, kwafinyelela inani elimangalisayo 8,8 billion abagibeli. Lokhu kwanda akusona isenzakalo esiyingqayizivele: ishumi leminyaka elidlule (2007-2017) labona ukukhula okuphakathi konyaka kwe-4,3%. Uma sibheka ikusasa, izibikezelo ziphakamisa okunye ukwanda kwesidingo sezinsiza zomoya, ngokukhula okulindelekile kwe cishe ama-30% phakathi kuka-2018 no-2023.

Lokhu kwanda okuqhubekayo kuye kwaholela ekubeni a ukwanda kokukhishwa kwe-CO2 nokusetshenziswa ukukhanya e Igesi. Aviation unesibopho cishe U-2% wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele kanye no-3% eYurophu. 

Ukuze kuhlinzekwe umongo obanzi, emkhakheni wezokuthutha ngo-2016, i-13% ye-CO2 ekhishwayo ivela ezindizeni. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale njengephesenti elincane, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi indiza ikhipha cishe amagremu angu-285 we-CO2 umgibeli ngamunye ngekhilomitha ngalinye elihanjiwe, uma kuqhathaniswa namagremu angu-42 umgibeli ngekhilomitha ngemoto.

Akuzona zonke izindiza ezinomthelela ofanayo kwezemvelo. I-EasyJet, ngokwesibonelo, iye yaqashelwa njenge- inkampani yezindiza enomthelela omncane ngokuya nge-CO2 ekhishiwe. Lo mehluko phakathi kwezinkampani zezindiza ukhombisa ukuthi kunezindlela zokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokuhamba ngendiza.

Indiza yokuqala ye-Transatlantic ene-Sustainable Fuel

NgoNovemba 28, i-Virgin Atlantic yazuza indiza yokuphayona: i-Boeing 787 yawela i-Atlantic, isuka eLondon iya eNew York, isebenzisa uphethiloli wendiza osimeme kuphela (SAF). Lokhu kundiza kuphawula inguquko ebalulekile, yeqa umthethonqubo wamanje wesiNgisi okhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwe-SAF ku-50%.

Uphethiloli osetshenzisiwe, wakhiwe ngama-88% HEFA (asuselwa ku- amafutha avela ukupheka imikhiqizo esetshenzisiwe kanye nezitshalo), uyathembisa yehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kufika ku-70% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi. Nokho, ukusimama kwesikhathi eside kwe-SAF kuyabhekisiswa, nokugxekwa mayelana nayo ukukhiqizwa e intengo. Nakuba i-sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) imele isisombululo esithembisayo ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yomkhakha wezokundiza, kusenezinselelo ezibalulekile okufanele zinqotshwe. Ama-SAF, okuhlanganisa naleyo esetshenziswe endizeni yokubonisa i-Virgin Atlantic's London-New York, asakhipha ikhabhoni emkhathini. 

Nokho, lokhu kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwenzeka ngenani 70% ngaphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezibaseli ezivamile. Le ndiza isebenzise ingxube yama-ester angama-88% nama-fatty acids (HEFAs), okuphuma kokuphuma kuzinqubo zamakhemikhali, kanye no-12% wokwenziwa kukaphalafini onuka kamnandi (SAK), okuwudoti ovela ekukhiqizweni kommbila.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-SAF kudinga a inani elikhulu kwezinsiza. Isibonelo, indiza ngayinye yohambo olude idinga cishe amathani angu-7,2 ommbila. Leli nani lingase lanele ukumboza eminye imizila, kodwa akunangqondo ukucabanga ukuthi linganelisa isidingo cishe Izindiza eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-26ezisuka futhi zihlale emhlabeni wonke nsuku zonke.

Isitifiketi se-WSO Sokuvakasha Okuzinzile

I-World Sustainability Organization (WSO) yethule isitifiketi, esaziwa ngokuthi "isitikha esiluhlaza", sezinhlangano zezokuvakasha ezikhuthaza ezokuvakasha ezisimeme. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuqaphela kanye nokugqugquzela izindlela ezisimeme emkhakheni wezokuvakasha.

Ama-ejensi wezokuvakasha adlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezokuvakasha yomhlaba wonke, imakethe ebifaneleka kusukela ngoJanuwari 2023. 475 billion wamadola aseMelika. Ngokukhula kwesidingo sezokuvakasha esimeme, ama-ejensi amaningi asevele ehlinzeka ngamaphakheji alungele imvelo futhi asekela abahlinzeki bendawo. 

Ukuthola isitifiketi se-WSO, ama-ejensi kufanele ahlangabezane nemibandela eqinile:

1. Umnikelo okungenani ongu-1% wenzuzo kumaphrojekthi wokongiwa kwemvelo 
2. Ukuphromothwa kwamaphakheji ezokuvakasha ezisimemei.
3. Ukusebenzisa izimiso zokuzibophezela komphakathi kanye nezimo zokusebenza ulungile futhi uphephile

Sengiphetha, iukwanda kokuhamba kwezindiza kuyiqiniso lokho akunakuzitshwa, kodwa kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukucabangela umthelela wemvelo owumphumela. Izinyathelo ezifana ne ukuncishiswa kokuphumayo kwenkampani yezindiza ngayinye futhi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kuyizinyathelo ezinhle, kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi kuningi okusamele kwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i amazulu kweplanethi yethu kusasele ihlanzeke ngangokunokwenzeka.

kwakha luhlaka BlogInnovazione.it: https://www.tariffe-energia.it/news/primo-volo-green/

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