Ukuqaphela kanye nokuxhaphaza izingqondo zokwenziwa

E-USA ngeminyaka yawo-80, abaholi bezempi base-United States of America babeka imithetho emisha yokuhlela ukuvikela amasosha. defingempumelelo.

Umbutho wezempi uyaqiniseka ukuthi ukusabela ngokushesha ekuhlaselweni kombuso wesitha, i-USSR, umuntu ngamunye ochungechungeni lomyalo kufanele akhululwe endimeni yakhe futhi athathelwe indawo uhlelo lwekhompiyutha olukwazi ukunquma, ngokushesha futhi kahle, lapho umzuzu ukudedela impi yomhlaba wonke ye-thermonuclear.

“Ngeke sikwazi ukushiya imicibisholo ezinqolobaneni ngoba amadoda awaciphi izinkinobho uma amakhompyutha ekhipha umyalo wokuba ahlasele!” - ethathwe kwifilimu ethi "Wargames" kaJohn Badham - 1984

Impendulo Yohlelo Lokusebenza Kwempi

I-WOPR, i-War Operation Plan Response, iyikhandidethi elingcono kakhulu lokuphatha izikhali ze-athomu. Umongameli wase-US ngokwakhe uhlose ukumphathisa ukuphatha izikhali zenuzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela anqobe lokho okubonakala kuyinkinga enkulu yokuzivikela: ukungabaza kwabanye abangaphansi, uma kwenzeka impi ye-athomu, ukufeza umyalo wokuqalisa imicibisholo yenuzi ezitheni. .

Lapho isintu siyisixhumanisi esibuthakathaka

Ingqikithi yamasiko lapho okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu kwakhiwe khona ngokuqinisekile kuyisici esithonya kakhulu abantu nobudlelwano babo. Isiko aligcini nje ngokuchaza imithetho yokuxhumana, kodwa defiYona kanye indlela izifundo ezihlela ngayo imicabango yazo, zichaza kabanzi imizwa yazo futhi zithuthukise imibono yazo iyaphela.
Kodwa uma isiko lithonya yonke imicabango, imizwa nezenzo zethu, kwezinye izimo kungabhekwa njengomkhawulo.
Isiko akulona elazalwa nalo kodwa lithathwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho: imithetho yezenhlalo, izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha, uma sezitholakele, ziyoba nomthelela phakade kubantu, ziqondise izinqumo zabo siqu kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Nokho, lapho uqeqesha ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, isipiliyoni sihunyushelwa ekufakweni kwesistimu yekhompyutha. Okuhlangenwe nakho kuhlanganiswe "kwinkumbulo" eqondiswa emshinini ngemva kokuqoqwa, ukukhethwa nokuguqulwa: ama-encyclopedia, izingxoxo, okuqukethwe ku-inthanethi kuyakhethwa futhi kuqoqwe "kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu" okuthi, kuphathwe ngokufanelekile, kube yisisekelo sokufundisa. noma yibuphi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa. Uma usufundiswe ngesisekelo sale nkumbulo, i-AI izobuya njengokuphuma kwezikhundla nemibono ezolandela.

Ukuzazi

Kodwa uma inkumbulo (isiko) esifundisa ngayo ubuhlakani bokwenziwa isetshenziswa, kungenzeka ukusungula i-priori ukuthi i-orientation izoba yini. kwe-AI futhi ibikezele ukuthi iziphi izinqumo ezozithatha lapho icelwa ukuba ihlukanise phakathi kokulungile nokungalungile.
Cabanga ukuthi imfundo yobuhlakani bokwenziwa isetshenziswa ngokuvumelana nezithakazelo nezinjongo ezithile. Kungokwemvelo ukukholelwa ukuthi inhloso yalabo abayifundisayo ayifaki ukuthi ubuhlakani ngokwabo bungathola ukuzimela kwangempela kokucabanga. Lesi yisimo esingasichaza ngokuthi "i-anti-conscious" njengoba sincishwa izici zamasiko ezibalulekile ekwakhekeni kukanembeza ongenakho noma yikuphi ukumisa.
Ngamanye amazwi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ngentando yabadali bawo, bungakwazi ukubekwa endaweni lapho bungeke bufinyelele khona ekuzaziseni noma buthuthukise ukuzazi bona kanye nelungelo labo. Futhi ikhululiwe ekuxazululeni noma yikuphi ukungabaza kokuziphatha kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziswa kusiphi isimo, ingqondo yokwenziwa ingahlala ibambekile endimeni yayo yokuba umakhi wemithetho nje.
Kodwa uma ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bungaba "umuntu ongaphezu kobuntu" ngoba bukwazi ukweqa ukusebenza kwezinga lomuntu, kungenzeka ukuthola ingqondo enobuntu obungaphezu kobuntu kanye ne-anti-conscious, okungukuthi ephelele yokufaka esikhundleni isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka sangempela uchungechunge lomyalo wezakhiwo zamandla: abantu.
Ingqondo engafuni ukuqaphela ukuphela kwesihloko esinokwethenjelwa ngempela kuzimo ezibucayi njengesimo sempi esichazwe ku-War Games ngoba iyakwazi ukwenza imiyalo yabadali bayo ngokuzimisela okubandayo futhi kungabikho nhlobo uzwela.

Izingqondo ezimelene ne-AlphaBet

Sifunda ukuthi izinkulungwane zokudilizwa ezinkampanini zithanda Microsoft, Amazon, i-Meta ne-AlphaBet ibiphelezelwa ukuxolisa kwabaphathi abaphezulu abazisole ngokuba namazinga abasebenzi abaliwe ngendlela esekelwe ocwaningweni lwemikhuba yabathengi yangemva kobhubhane okuvele ukuthi ayilungile.
Eqinisweni, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ngokwazo ziya ngokuya ziphathisa imisebenzi yebhizinisi kuma-algorithms obuhlakani bokwenziwa zazi ukuthi maduze zizodinga abasebenzi abambalwa abambalwa kuyo yonke imikhakha. Ngamafuphi, bazoba phakathi kwabokuqala ukuhlola ubuchwepheshe be-AI obuzonciphisa izindleko zenkampani futhi bunciphise kakhulu imisebenzi.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi omunye weminyango othinteke kakhulu ngokuncishiswa kwabasebenzi yilowo wezabasebenzi: izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ezishintshashintshayo, uma sezifakiwe ekukhiqizeni, zidicilela phansi yonke eminye iminyango, zenza ucwaningo olubeka izidingo zenkampani esikhungweni futhi. kusukela ezingxenyeni zezakhi zobuntu ezifana nozwela nobumbano.
Iziphi izinkampani ezinkulu ezihlose ngazo namuhla akukhona ukuvela kwe-AI kodwa ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo, ezihlakaniphile njengoba zingathembekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi yazo.

Isigaba se- Gianfranco Fedele