Uluntu lwaseYurophu luya kwazisa imithetho emitsha yeBigTechs

amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo ezifanaercoleitsho kwiFinancial Times.
Izikhokelo, ezenzelwe ukulwa nezoyikiso ze-intanethi kwingqibelelo yonyulo, ziya kwamkelwa yiKomishoni yaseYurophu kwangoko kwiveki ezayo, i-Financial Times ibike.

Ixesha lokufunda eliqikelelweyo: 4 imizuzu

Ngokwengxelo, amaqonga angaphumeleliyo ukujongana nolwazi olungeyonyani okanye i-AI-powered deepfakes anokujongana nezohlwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6% yengeniso yehlabathi.

Unyulo lwaseYurophu kunye ne-DeepFake

Ngonyulo lwaseYurophu oluza kuqhubeka ngoJuni, amagosa aphezulu e-EU axhalabile ngokukodwa malunga nokuhlaselwa okunokuthi kuphazamiseke ngamagosa aseRashiya.

Ngexesha lonyulo, amaqonga eendaba ezentlalo kunye neenjini zokukhangela kulindeleke ukuba zisete amaqela azinikeleyo ukujonga umngcipheko wolwazi olungachananga kwi-Intanethi kwiilwimi ezingama-23 ezahlukeneyo kwibloc, ngokutsho kweFT.
Ngokwengxelo, kuya kufuneka babonise ukuba basebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye neearhente ze-cybersecurity kumazwe angama-27 angamalungu e-EU.

Yintoni i-DeepFake

I-Deepfakes yimixholo yobuxoki ye-audiovisual yewebhu, eyenziwe ngu ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI). Ukuqala kwiifoto zokwenyani, iividiyo kunye neaudio, i-AI iguqula ngokwenyani okanye iphinda ihlaziye iimpawu kunye nokushukuma kobuso okanye umzimba, ngokuthembekileyo ixelisa ilizwi layo12.

Nalu ulwazi oluphambili malunga ne-Deepfakes:

1. Defiisiganeko: Ilizwi "Deepfake"yineologism eyenziwe ngamagama "Deep Learning” (iteknoloji yobuntlola eyenziweyo) kunye “Inkohlakalo” (oko kukuthi bubuxoki). Ngamanye amagama, i-Deepfake ayiyonyani, i-AI eyenziwe ngumxholo wewebhu we-audiovisual oguqula ngokwenyani iimpawu zomntu.
2. Isizukulwana: I-Artificial intelligence algorithms iqeqeshelwa ukusebenzisa iimodeli ze-neurons eziqhagamshelwe enye kwenye. Ezi algorithms zifunda kwisampulu yedatha, ukuqala ngeefoto zokwenyani, iividiyo kunye neaudio. Kutshanje, kuye kwaphuhliswa isoftware ekuvumela ukuba wenze i-Deepfakes, nokuba usebenzisa i-smartphone1.
3. Izoyikiso:
   • Ubusela besazisi: Ukuba abantu ababandakanyekayo abaxelelwanga okanye abavumanga, i Deepfake imele uhlobo olubi lobusela besazisi.
   • Ukuxhatshazwa nge-cyberbullying: Iividiyo Deepfake zinokudalelwa ukuba zihlekise okanye zijongele phantsi abantu, ngakumbi abantu abancinci.
   • Iindaba zomgunyathi: Abezopolitiko kunye neenkokheli zezimvo zihlala zijolise kubo Deepfake, abazama ukuphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke ngokusasaza iividiyo ezibubuxoki okanye eziculiweyo.

UMthetho weeNkonzo zeDijithali

IManyano yaseYurophu yazise imithetho emitsha yeBig Tech ukuqinisekisa ukhuphiswano olukhulu kunye nokuthintela izenzo zemonopolistic. Le migaqo iqulethwe kuMthetho weeNkonzo zeDijithali (i-DSA), oqale ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuNovemba wama-2022.

1. Ummiselo "kubagcini-masango":
   • I-DSA isebenza kuzo zonke iinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-45 abasebenzayo ngenyanga eYurophu.
   • Iinkampani ezithathwa ngokuba "ngabagcini-masango" kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno ezithile malunga nokumodareyithwa komxholo, ulwazi olungelulo kunye nentetho yentiyo.
   • Umzekelo, amaqonga kuya kufuneka abe nabasebenzi aboneleyo bokulawula ukumodareyithwa komxholo, kwaye abasebenzisi baya kuba nelungelo lokufaka izikhalazo ngolwimi lwabo.
2. Uxanduva lwesiqulatho:
   • I-Big Tech iya kufuneka iqinisekise ukumodareyitha okusebenzayo komxholo ongekho mthethweni okanye onobungozi kumaqonga abo.
   • Baza kuba phantsi kwesohlwayo ukuba abayithobeli imithetho emitsha.
3. Ukukhuthazwa kokhuphiswano:
   • I-DSA ijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukufikeleleka kwedatha kunye nokusebenzisana kweenkonzo, ukukhuthaza ukhuphiswano olukhulu.

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