Ixesha lokufunda eliqikelelweyo: 10 imizuzu
Izinto ezintsha DeFi zisekelwe ikakhulu kwinethiwekhi ye-Ethereum, kunye nezivumelwano ezihlakaniphile ezisekelwe kuyo blockchain. Inkqubo yendalo DeFi yakhulela emthunzini weBitcoin boom kunye ne-cryptocurrency craze, nangona inguqulelo entsha DeFi zange ndifumane ngqalelo enkulu njenge criptovalute.
Ngeyona ndlela ilula inokwenzeka, ukusungula izinto ezintsha DeFi ijolise ekutshintsheni iinkonzo ezikhoyo zemali ngeenkonzo ezifikelelekayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, nangona kunjalo, i-innovation DeFi ifuna ukwenza iinkonzo zezemali zisebenze ngakumbi, zikhuseleke kwaye zithembeke.
Oku kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obunatyisiweyo kwaye ikakhulu iteknoloji blockchain. Ukongeza, kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba iteknoloji blockchain sele iyinto eqhelekileyo kushishino.
Iinkampani ezingenakubalwa zeebhiliyoni zeedola ziphonononga okunokwenzeka blockchain okanye sele bephumeza iteknoloji.
La DeFi ijolise ekutshintsheni ngokupheleleyo iibhanki kunye nezisombululo ezinabileyo ezidibanisa abathengi ngokuthe ngqo, ngendlela evulelekileyo nekulula ukufikelela kuyo. Ngaphaya koko, ezi ezintsha DeFi ziya kuvulelwa wonke umntu, yiyo loo nto abanye befowuna DeFi "imali evulekileyo".
Eyona nzuzo ibalulekileyo yetekhnoloji DeFi ngokwenyani bathathu:
La magama anokubonakala kunzima ukuwaqonda, kodwa eneneni anengqiqo. Ngaphaya koko, basentliziyweni yokuqonda izibonelelo zokusungula izinto ezintsha DeFi.
Ukuqala ukusukaukungaguquki, oku kubhekiselele kwinto yokuba ulwazi kwinkqubo yokwenyani DeFi aziguquguquki. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mntu unokuguqula okanye ukuphazamisa idatha, okanye ulwazi oluqulethwe kwinkqubo DeFi.
Oku kwenziwa ukuba kwenzeke ngokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yeleja esasazwayo (DLT) njengenye blockchain. Ubume bokunatyiswa kwenkqubo enjalo kuthetha ukuba akukho mdlali omnye ubambe idatha. Emva koko, umdlali akakwazi ukuguqula idatha, ukwandisa zombini ukhuseleko kunye nokukwazi ukulawula idatha.
La ukucwangciswa, endaweni yoko, ichaphazela ukusebenza kwenkqubo DeFi. Izisombululo DeFi baxhomekeke "kwizivumelwano ezihlakaniphileyo," abasebenzisi abanokuthi bazicwangcise ngokuzenzekelayo xa imeko ethile ifezekisiwe. Oku kwandisa ukuthembana, njengoko kungekho qela linokuguqula isivumelwano.
Ekugqibeleni, iukusebenzisana yeenkqubo DeFi ivela kwinethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ephantsi kwezisombululo ezininzi DeFi. Esi sitaki sesoftware esixhaphakileyo kunye nokudityaniswa kwe-Ethereum kuthetha ukuba zombini izicelo ezinatyisiweyo (dApps) kunye neeprothokholi. DeFi inokudityaniswa enye kwenye. Ngaloo ndlela, imele inkqubo esebenzisana ngokwenene.
Abaxhasi be DeFi kunye neteknoloji blockchain, ngokubanzi, baya kuxoxa ngokulula ukuba zonke izisombululo DeFi ngokwendalo yabo, bavelisa izinto ezintsha. Ukujonga kwi defikwiilwimi zeOxford, kuvela ukuba yinto “equlathe iindlela ezintsha; phambili kunye nentsusa”.
Kuthathwa ngokoqobo, umntu unokucebisa ukuba oku kuthetha ukuba isisombululo ngasinye DeFi kukuba, ukusa kumlinganiselo othile, yinto entsha.
Ngexesha elifanayo, ezinye iiprojekthi DeFi ziqulathe izisombululo DeFi "ngaphezulu" inguqulelo kunezinye. Umzekelo, ukuhambisa ngokulula umsebenzi wemali osele useto DeFi ngokuqinisekileyo inokuba yindlela entle yokuyenza ikwazi ukunyamezela. Iziseko ezingundoqo ezinatyisiweyo zisoloko zikhethwa kuneziseko ezingundoqo.
Ukufika kweeprojekthi DeFi i-innovative inika ithuba lokucinga ngokutsha ngemithetho. Ubugcisa bezi mini bunikela inkululeko engakumbi ekuyileni izicombululo ezitsha, ngeendlela ezininzi, ezigqwesileyo kunezikhoyo, ezinombono ofanelekileyo nobuchule bobugcisa.
Imveliso DeFi into entsha ngokwenene yileyo yogqitha iinkonzo zemali zelifa, ukuba ngcono kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngenxa yoko, abo bazama ukwakha isisombululo DeFi iRevolutionary kufuneka ijolise kwisisombululo.
Okwangoku, izicelo ezininzi sele zikhona DeFi ngeenkonzo ezibonelelwa ngababoneleli ngeenkonzo zemali ngokwesiqhelo.
Umzekelo, izisombululo sele zikhona DeFi abenza yonke into ukusuka ekubolekeni nasekubolekeni ukuya kwi-inshurensi, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokurhweba, utshintshiselwano olunatyisiweyo kunye namaqonga okubambisa aphantsi.
Ngaphezu koko, ii-stablecoins zenza ukuba izibonelelo zokurhweba zifikeleleke DeFi kunye neemali zedijithali kwabo bathandabuzayo malunga ne-cryptocurrencies. I-Stablecoins, ngokusisiseko, iimali zedijithali ezifana ne-cryptocurrencies, kodwa ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okubalulekileyo kwee-cryptocurrencies.
Endaweni yoko, i-stablecoins ixhomekeke kwixabiso lemali ye-fiat, i-cryptocurrency, i-asethi, okanye ibhasikithi yezi zinto. Oku kuguquguquka okuphantsi kuthetha ukuba kukho umngcipheko omncinci kubatyalo-mali ukuba ixabiso lentengiselwano okanye ixabiso liya kutshintsha ngaphambi kokuba ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile iqhutywe.
Ngokufanelekileyo, indawo DeFi iya ithandeka ngakumbi kwiinkampani ezinkulu kunye nabatyali-mali njengoko ezi ntlobo zezisombululo zivela. Nangona ukukhula kokukhula kwentsimi DeFi inomtsalane kubasebenzisi, kukwabalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuqaliswa kwezicelo DeFi ezintsha ngakumbi.
Akuzange kubekho izicelo ezininzi DeFi into entsha kwimarike yanamhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, kukho iiprothokholi zokubolekisa DeFi, njenge ICompound , izisombululo ze-inshorensi ezifana ne-Nexus Mutual, iimarike zokubikezela njenge-Augur, iinketho zokurhweba ezixhasiweyo ezifana ne-dYdX, kunye nezinye izinto ze-asethi zokwenziwa, kuquka i-UMA.
Zonke ezi mveliso zenza izicelo DeFi intsonkothe kakhulu kwaye inento entsha kunokubonelela ngeentlawulo ezishibhileyo nezikhawulezayo zokutshintshela kumazwe ngamazwe.
Enye iseti epheleleyo yezisombululo DeFi yile yeeprojekthi DeFi ivuselela intlalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuza kweeprojekthi DeFi entlalweni, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqale siqonde ukuba yintoni na ebandakanya ukusungulwa kwentlalo.
Iinguqulelo zentlalo zezo ziphucula uluntu ngokubanzi. Oku kunokugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, inokuvela ekuphuculeni izinto ezifana nokhathalelo lwempilo, uphuhliso loluntu, iimeko zokusebenza zabantu, imfundo, kwanolonwabo.
Ngamafutshane, i DeFi intlalontle kufuneka ibe ziiprojekthi eziluphucula ngokwenene uluntu kunye neendima zabantu kulo. Isisombululo DeFi oko kukhawulezisa iintlawulo kunomdla kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kwenza iintlawulo ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ukuba kunokuthiwa yiprojekthi iyathandabuzeka DeFi ivuselela intlalo.
Endaweni yoko, iprojekthi ekufanelekelayo ukuba yintshayelelo kwezentlalo kufuneka ibe yinguqu yokwenyani; utshintsho lweparadigm. Makhe sibe nomfanekiso-ngqondweni we-dApp DeFi ebonelela ngemali-mboleko yemali encinci kwabo bahlala kumazwe ehlabathi lesithathu.
Nangona i-microfinance ikude kwingqikelelo entsha, isaxhomekeke kwiziseko eziluncedo zemali ezifana neebhanki. Imali-mboleko yemali encinci ibe yimpumelelo enkulu kwilizwekazi laseIndiya kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno efunekayo kule mpumelelo yayikukusondela kwiibhanki ezikhoyo, ezinokubonelela ngemali mboleko yemali encinci.
I-Afrika ekwi-Sub-Sahara, kwelinye icala, ayinayo isiseko sebhanki esele sikhona ngendlela efanayo. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba iimali-mboleko zezemali ezincinci zingekabikho impumelelo yokwenyani kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi lesithathu. Liyinyaniso elokuba, imali-mboleko idla ngokukwazi ukukhupha abantu kubuhlwempu. Nangona kunjalo, kubaqalayo, abaninzi abanakho ukufikelela kwiibhanki ezinokuboleka.
Nangona kunjalo, isisombululo se-dApp DeFi eyenza ukuba ifumaneke ngokuphandle iimali-mboleko ezincinci kwabo bangenako ukufikelela kwiziseko ezingundoqo zezemali iya kuba yimveliso DeFi ngenene ingeniso yentlalo.
Enye into DeFi entlalweni yiprojekthi yeParadigm DeFi. IParadigm yinkampani yotyalo-mali ye-cryptocurrency, kodwa ngoku iyanda kwishishini elibanzi DeFi. Ewe, oku kungenxa yokukhula kwesibheno sezemali ezinatyisiweyo.
Enyanisweni, iinkampani zelifa leebhiliyoni zeedola kunye neebhanki ziphuhlisa izisombululo zazo DeFi ukuhlala ukhuphisana kwimeko yezemali eguqukayo. Ke ngoko, akufanele kumangalise xa umdlali we-crypto njengeParadigm ethatha isigqibo sokwenza iprojekthi DeFi.
Ngapha koko, inkampani Paradigm DeFi inokongeza iinzuzo ezibalulekileyo kwabo bafuna ukusebenzisa ii-dApps DeFi. Okokuqala, iprojekthi yeParadigm DeFi ijikela ekunikezeni iprothokholi yokuboleka imali enenzala esele imiselwe.
Le Protocol yeParadigm DeFi yaziwa ngokuba yi "Performance Protocol" kwaye ivela kuDan Robinson weParadigm kunye noAllan Niemberg.
Isiseko sale paradigm DeFi yinto eyaziwa ngokuba yi “yTokens”. Ezi yTokens zisebenza ngokufanayo kwiibhondi zekhuphoni zero, kwaye iiTokens ziya kuhlala kumhla othile wekamva ngokunxulumene nexabiso le-asethi enikiweyo. Ngokwenyani, abasebenzisi banokuthenga okanye bathengise ezi yTokens kwaye ngokufanelekileyo baboleke okanye baboleke i-asethi ekuthethwa ngayo ngexesha elimisiweyo.
Abasebenzisi bayakwazi ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo ii-yTokens ngelixa befaka uhlobo oluthile lwe-asethi njengesibambiso. Oku kuthetha ukuba nabani na othenga ii-yTokens ze-asethi ufana nokuboleka i-asethi kuthethwa ngayo. Lilonke, isisombululo seParadigm DeFi sesinye isisombululo esithatha indlela entsha DeFi ukusombulula iingxaki ezikhoyo.
Ercole Palmeri
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