Iitshathi ze-Excel, ukuba ziyintoni na, indlela yokuyila itshathi kunye nendlela yokukhetha eyona tshati ifanelekileyo

Itshathi ye-Excel ngumbono omele idatha kwiphepha lomsebenzi we-Excel.

Uya kukwazi ukuhlalutya idatha ngokufanelekileyo ngokujonga igrafu kwi-Excel kunamanani kwisethi yedatha.

I-Excel igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweetshathi onokuzisebenzisa ukumela idatha yakho.

Ixesha lokufunda eliqikelelweyo: 14 imizuzu

Ukwenza itshati kwi-Excel kulula. Ukujonga igrafu kusinceda sihlalutye iimetrikhi ezahlukeneyo ngokukrwaqula nje kuyo.

Uyenza njani iTshati ye-Excel

Amanyathelo aphambili ekwenzeni itshathi ye-Excel ngala:

• Ukukhetha idatha ukuba ifakwe kwitshathi
• Khetha uhlobo lwetshathi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa
• Guqula uyilo lwetshathi yakho
• Guqula ukufomatha kwetshathi
• Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwegrafu

Ukukhetha idatha enokusetyenziswa kwitshathi

Inyathelo lokuqala xa usenza itshathi ye-Excel kukukhetha idatha ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kwidayagram okanye igrafu.

Iitshathi zinokuthelekisa iiseti ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zedatha kwi-spreadsheet yakho ye-Excel, kuxhomekeke kulwazi ofuna ukunxibelelana ngaphakathi kwetshathi.

Nje ukuba uchonge amanqaku akho edatha, unokukhetha idatha oza kuyifaka kwitshathi yakho.

Sebenzisa ikhesa yakho ukuqaqambisa iiseli eziqulethe idatha ofuna ukuyifaka kwitshathi. Iiseli ezikhethiweyo ziyakuphawulwa ngomda oluhlaza.

Nje ukuba ukhethe idatha yakho, ungadlulela kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwaye ukhethe uhlobo lwetshathi yakho.

Khetha uhlobo lwetshathi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa

I-Excel ibonelela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zetshathi zokusebenzisa ukubonisa ulwazi.

Unokunxibelelana ngendlela obonisa ngayo idatha yakho ngokwahlukileyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetshathi oyisebenzisayo.

Wakuba ukhethe idata yakho, cofa i Faka thebhu, emva koko ucofe iqhosha leTshati eCetyisiweyo kwiqela leTshati ekwiRibhoni. Uya kubona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zetshathi ongakhetha kuzo. Cofa u-Kulungile kwaye itshathi iya kuvela kwincwadi yakho yomsebenzi.

Kukwakho unxibelelwano kwezona ndidi zetshati zidumileyo kwiqela leTshati ekwiRibhoni. Ungasebenzisa la maqhosha ukutshintsha uhlobo lwetshathi nangaliphi na ixesha.

Guqula uhlobo lwetshathi

Ungatshintshela ngokulula kudidi olwahlukileyo lwetshathi nangaliphi na ixesha:

1. Khetha itshathi.
2. Kwisithuba soYilo lweTshati, kwiqela loHlobo, cofa Guqula udidi lweTshati.

3. Kwicala lasekhohlo, cofa uKholamu.

4. Cofa u-Kulungile.

Guqula umqolo/umqolo

Ukuba ufuna ukubonisa izilwanyana (endaweni yeenyanga) kwi-axis ethe tye, yenza la manyathelo alandelayo.

1. Khetha itshathi.
2. Kwi-Tshati yoYilo thebhu, kwiqela leDatha, cofa Guqula umqolo/uKholam.

Ukufumana ezi ziphumo zilandelayo

Indawo yelivo

Ukuhambisa ilivo kwicala lasekunene letshathi, yenza la manyathelo alandelayo.

1. Khetha itshathi.
2. Cofa i + iqhosha kwicala lasekunene letshathi, cofa utolo olusecaleni kweLegend, kwaye ucofe Ekunene.

IRisultato:

Iileyibhile zedatha

Unokusebenzisa iilebhile zedatha ukugxila ingqalelo yabafundi bakho kuluhlu lwedatha enye okanye indawo yedatha.

1. Khetha itshathi.
2. Cofa ibar eluhlaza ukukhetha uluhlu lwedatha kaJuni.
3. Bamba phantsi i-CTRL kwaye usebenzise izitshixo zotolo ukukhetha ihlengesi labemi bakaJuni (ibha encinci eluhlaza).
4. Cofa i + iqhosha kwicala lasekunene letshathi kwaye ucofe ibhokisi yokukhangela ecaleni kweeLayibhile zeDatha.

IRisultato:

Iintlobo zeetshathi

IMicrosoft Excel okwangoku ibonelela ngeentlobo ezili-17 ezahlukeneyo zeetshathi ezikhoyo ukuze zisetyenziswe.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwetshathi lunenkangeleko ethile kunye nenjongo.

I-Histogram

Itshathi yekholamu edibeneyo isetyenziselwa ukubonisa uluhlu lweeseti zedatha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwiikholomu ezidibeneyo ezithe nkqo. Imihlathi ethe nkqo idityaniswe kunye kuba iseti yedatha nganye yabelana ngeelebhile ze-axis efanayo. Iikholamu ezidibeneyo ziluncedo ekuthelekiseni ngokuthe ngqo iiseti zedatha.

Igrafu yomgca

Itshathi yomgca isetyenziselwa ukubonisa iintsingiselo zedatha ngexesha, ukudibanisa amanqaku edatha ngemigca ethe ngqo. Iitshathi zomgca zinokuthelekisa idatha ngexesha leqela elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa utshintsho kwixesha elide okanye elifutshane.

Itshathi yephayi

Itshathi yephayi, okanye iitshathi zephayi, zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ulwazi njengepesenti yazo zonke. Iphayi iyonke imele i-100% yexabiso olilinganisayo, kwaye amanqaku edatha sisiqwenga okanye ipesenti yaloo pie. Iitshathi zephayi ziluncedo ekuboniseni igalelo lendawo nganye yedatha kuyo yonke idatha yedatha.

Itshathi yebha edibeneyo

Itshathi yebha edityanisiweyo, okanye itshathi yebha, isetyenziselwa ukubonisa uluhlu lweeseti zedatha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwiibha ezithe tye. Imivalo ethe tye idityaniswe kunye kuba iseti yedatha nganye yabelana ngeelebhile ze-axis efanayo. Imivalo edibeneyo iluncedo ekuthelekiseni ngokuthe ngqo iiseti zedatha.

Igrafu yendawo

Itshathi yendawo, okanye itshathi yendawo, yigrafu yomgca enendawo ezaliswe phantsi komgca ngamnye ngekhowudi yombala kwiseti yedatha nganye.

Iploti yokuchithachitha

Iploti yokuchithachitha, okanye iploti yokusasaza, isetyenziselwa ukubonisa iiseti ezimbini nangaphezulu zedatha ukujonga ulungelelwaniso kunye neentsingiselo phakathi kweeseti zamaxabiso edatha. Izicwangciso zokuchithachitha ziluncedo ekuchongeni iindlela kwiiseti zedatha kunye nokuseka amandla olungelelwaniso phakathi kwamaxabiso kwezo seti zedatha.

Itshathi yemephu egcweleyo

Itshathi yemephu egcweleyo isetyenziselwa ukubonisa idatha yetshathi yenqanaba eliphezulu ngaphakathi kwemephu. Iimephu ezigcwalisiweyo ziluncedo ekuboniseni ngokubonakalayo iiseti zedatha ezisekelwe kwindawo yejografi. Olu hlobo lwemephu okwangoku lunemida ebalulekileyo kuhlobo lolwazi olunokuthi lubonise.

Itshathi yesitokhwe

I-stock chart, okanye i-stock chart, isetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuhamba kwexabiso lempahla ngexesha. Amanye amaxabiso anokuthi asetyenziswe kwezi tshathi liXabiso lokuvula, iXabiso lokuvala, eliPhezulu, eliPhantsi kunye noMqulu. Iitshathi zesitokhwe ziluncedo ekujongeni iintsingiselo zexabiso lesitokhwe kunye nokuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Igrafu engaphezulu

Itshathi yomphezulu, okanye itshathi yomphezulu, isetyenziselwa ukubonisa uluhlu lweeseti zedatha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kumphezulu othe nkqo. Imiphezulu emi nkqo idityaniswe kunye, njengoko iseti yedatha nganye yabelana ngeelebhile ze-axis efanayo. Imiphezulu iluncedo ekuthelekiseni ngokuthe ngqo iiseti zedatha.

Itshathi yerada

Itshathi yerada (ekwabizwa ngokuba yitshati yesigcawu) isetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa iqela elinye okanye ngaphezulu lamaxabiso kuzo zonke izinto eziqhelekileyo. Ziluncedo xa ungenakuthelekisa ngokuthe ngqo iinguqu kwaye ziluncedo ngakumbi ekujongeni uhlalutyo lwentsebenzo okanye idatha yophando.

Itshathi yemephu yomthi

Itshathi ye-Treemap luhlobo lokubonwa kwedatha olubonelela ngombono weqela ledatha yakho, okwenza kube lula ukubona iipateni. Kwimephu yomthi, into nganye okanye isebe limelwe yimilo yoxande, ooxande abancinci bemele amaqela amancinane okanye amasetyana.

chart Sunburst

Igrafu Sunburst luhlobo lokubonwa kwedatha olubonelela ngombono woluhlu lwedatha, okwenza kube lula ukubona iipateni. Vula Sunburst, udidi ngalunye lubekwe ngendlela esetyhula. Iringi nganye imele inqanaba kuluhlu lwemigangatho, apho inqanaba eliphezulu lihambelana neringi engaphakathi. Amakhonkco angaphandle alandelela amacandelwana.

Igrafu ye-Histogram

I-histogram sisixhobo esithandwayo sokuhlalutya esisetyenziswa kwihlabathi lezoshishino. Ngokufana nenkangeleko kwitshathi yebha, i-histogram icinezela idatha ukuze itolikwe lula ngokubeka amanqaku ngokweendidi okanye imigqomo.

Ibhokisi kunye negrafu yewhisker

Itshathi yeBhokisi kunye neWhisker yitshati yamanani egrafu idatha yamanani kuzo zonke iiquartile zazo (ubuncinane, iquartile yokuqala, i-median, i-quartile yesithathu, kunye nobuninzi).

Itshathi yeengxangxasi

Itshathi yeengxangxasi, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yitshathi yebhulorho, ibonisa iitotali zamaxabiso ezongeziweyo okanye athatyathwe kwixabiso lokuqala. Imizekelo ibandakanya ingeniso eshiyekileyo okanye ixabiso lepotfoliyo yesitokhwe ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Itshathi yefaneli

Itshathi yefanitshala yinxalenye yosapho lwe-Excel yeetshathi zoluhlu lwemigangatho. Iitshathi zefenitshala zihlala zisetyenziswa kwishishini okanye kwimisebenzi yokuthengisa ukubonisa amaxabiso ukusuka kwelinye inqanaba ukuya kwelinye. Iitshathi zefaneli zifuna udidi kunye nexabiso. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo icebisa ubuncinci bamanyathelo amathathu.

Itshathi edibeneyo

Itshathi ye-combo isebenzisa iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeetshathi ze-Excel kwitshathi enye. Zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa iiseti zedatha ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kwisihloko esifanayo.

Ufundo olunxulumeneyo

• Uyenza njani ingxelo yeprojekthi kunye neprojekthi yeMicrosoft
• Imisebenzi yamanani e-Excel: Isifundo esinemizekelo yophando, icandelo lesine
• Imisebenzi yezibalo ze-Excel: Isifundo esinemizekelo, inxalenye yokuqala
• Uyenza njani ingxelo kunye nendlela yokufumana idatha eyakhiwe kwiiprojekthi zakho ezilawulwa ngeProjekthi ye-MS
• Iitafile zePivot: yintoni na, indlela yokwenza kwi-Excel kunye neGoogle. Isifundo esinemizekelo

Ercole Palmeri