Kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo, isantya ekukhutshwe ngaso iimodeli zolwimi ezinkulu siyamangalisa. Kule nqaku, siza kuhlanganisa ukufana okuphambili kunye nokungafani phakathi kwe-GPT4 vs ChatGPT, kubandakanywa neendlela zokuqeqesha, ukusebenza, amandla kunye nokulinganiselwa.
I-GPT4 kunye ne-ChatGPT zakha kwiinguqulelo ezindala zeemodeli ze-GPT kunye nokuphuculwa koyilo lwezakhiwo, zisebenzisa iindlela zoqeqesho ezinobunkunkqele, kunye nenani eliphezulu leeparamitha zoqeqesho.
Zombini ziyilo zisekwe kuyilo lwe-transformer, esebenzisa i-encoder ukucubungula ulandelelwano lwegalelo kunye ne-decoder ukuvelisa ulandelelwano lwemveliso. I-encoder kunye ne-decoder idityaniswe yindlela, evumela ukuba idikhowuda ihlawule ingqwalasela engakumbi ulandelelwano lwegalelo elibalulekileyo.
Ingxelo yobugcisa ye-GPT4 ye-OpenAI inika ukuqonda okuncinci kuyilo lwemodeli kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-GPT4, ikhankanya "competitive landscape and the safety implications of large-scale models“. Esikwaziyo kukuba i-GPT4 kunye ne-ChatGPT mhlawumbi ziqeqeshwe ngokufanayo, nto leyo engumahluko kakhulu kwiindlela zoqeqesho ezisetyenziselwa i-GPT-2 kunye ne-GPT-3. Sazi kakhulu malunga neendlela zoqeqesho ze-ChatGPT kune-GPT4, ke siza kuqala apho.
I-ChatGPT iqeqeshelwa iiseti zedatha yengxoxo, kubandakanywa idatha yedemo, apho abachasi bomntu babonisa umphumo olindelekileyo womncedisi we-chatbot ekuphenduleni izicelo ezithile. Le datha isetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-GPT3.5 kunye nokufunda okugadiweyo, ukuvelisa imodeli yomgaqo-nkqubo, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimpendulo ezininzi xa kubonelelwa izicelo. Abachazi-nkcazo abangabantu ke ngoko bahlela ukuba zeziphi iimpendulo zokukhawuleza okunikiweyo ezinike iziphumo ezingcono, ezisetyenziselwa ukuqeqesha imodeli yomvuzo. Imodeli yokuvuza isetyenziselwa ukulungisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo imodeli yomgaqo-nkqubo kusetyenziswa ukufunda okomeleza.
I-ChatGPT iqeqeshelwa ukusebenzisa UkuFunda okomeleza kwiNgxelo yoBantu (RLHF), indlela yokufaka ingxelo yabantu ukuphucula imodeli yolwimi ngexesha loqeqesho. Oku kuvumela imveliso yemodeli ukuba ihambelane nomsebenzi ocelwe ngumsebenzisi, kunokuba uqikelele nje igama elilandelayo kwisivakalisi esisekwe kuluhlu lwedatha yoqeqesho lwegeneric, efana ne-GPT-3.
I-OpenAI ayikade iveze iinkcukacha malunga nendlela eyiqeqeshe ngayo i-GPT4. Ingxelo yabo yobuchwephesha ayibandakanyi "details about the architecture (including model size), hardware, training compute, dataset construction, training method, or similar“. Into esiyaziyo kukuba i-GPT4 yimodeli eqeqeshiweyo ye-transformer-style generative multimode. Zombini kwidatha efumaneka esidlangalaleni nakwidatha yomntu wesithathu enikwe ilayisenisi kwaye emva koko ilungiswe kakuhle kusetyenziswa iRLHF. Okubangela umdla kukuba, i-OpenAI yabelane ngeenkcukacha malunga neendlela zayo ezihlaziyiweyo ze-RLHF ukwenza iimpendulo zemodeli zichaneke ngakumbi kwaye kunqabile ukuba zikhukuliseke ngaphandle kwemizila yokhuseleko.
Emva koqeqesho imodeli yomgaqo-nkqubo (njengakwi-ChatGPT), i-RLHF isetyenziswa kuqeqesho lotshaba, inkqubo eqeqesha imodeli kwimizekelo ekhohlakeleyo enenjongo yokuqhatha imodeli ukuyikhusela kwimizekelo enjalo kwixesha elizayo. Kwimeko ye-GPT4, iingcali zivavanya iimpendulo zemodeli yezopolitiko kwiimfuno eziphikisanayo. Ezi mpendulo ke zisetyenziselwa ukuqeqesha imizekelo eyongezelelweyo yokuvuza ehlaziya ngokuphindaphindiweyo imodeli yomgaqo-nkqubo, okukhokelela kumzekelo ongenakukwazi ukubonelela ngeempendulo ezinobungozi, ezikhuselekileyo, okanye ezingachanekanga.
Ngokumalunga nokusebenza, i-ChatGPT kunye ne-GPT4 zifana kakhulu kunezohlukileyo. Njengomanduleli wayo, i-GPT-4 iphinda inxibelelane kwisitayile sencoko esijolise ukulungelelanisa nomsebenzisi. Njengoko ubona ngezantsi, iimpendulo phakathi kweemodeli ezimbini zombuzo obanzi zifana kakhulu.
I-OpenAI iyavuma ukuba ulwahlulo phakathi kweemodeli lunokuba lubuqili kwaye luchaza ukuba "umahluko uphuma xa ubunzima bomsebenzi bufikelela kwinqanaba elaneleyo". Ukunikezelwa kweenyanga ezintandathu zoqeqesho oluchasene nomzekelo wesiseko se-GPT4 owenziwe kwisigaba sasemva koqeqesho, oku mhlawumbi luphawu oluchanekileyo.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-ChatGPT, eyamkela okubhaliweyo kuphela, i-GPT4 yamkela zombini i-imeji kunye nokwaziswa okubhaliweyo, ibuyisela iimpendulo ezibhaliweyo. Njengoko kubhaliwe, ngelishwa, ukukwazi ukusebenzisa igalelo lomfanekiso awukafumaneki esidlangalaleni.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-OpenAI ibika ukuphucuka okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kokhuseleko lwe-GPT4, xa kuthelekiswa ne-GPT-3.5 (apho i-ChatGPT ihlaziywe). Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku akukacaci nokuba:
zibangelwa yimodeli yeGPT4 ngokwayo okanye iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezichasayo.
Ukongeza, i-GPT4 igqwesa i-CPT-3.5 kwiimviwo ezininzi ezithathwe ngabantu. Ngokucacileyo, amanqaku e-GPT4 kwi-90th percentile kuviwo lwe-Uniform Bar xa kuthelekiswa ne-GPT-3.5, amanqaku kwipesenti ye-10. I-GPT4 iphinda igqwese ngokubonakalayo umanduleli wayo kwiimodeli zolwimi lwemveli kunye nezinye iimodeli zeSOTA (nangona ngamanye amaxesha ngomxinwa).
Zombini i-ChatGPT kunye ne-GPT4 zinemida ebalulekileyo kunye nemingcipheko. Iphepha lenkqubo ye-GPT-4 libandakanya ulwazi oluvela kuphononongo oluneenkcukacha lwaloo mingcipheko eyenziwa yi-OpenAI.
Le yeminye yemingcipheko ehambelana nazo zombini iimodeli:
Ngelixa i-ChatGPT kunye ne-GPT-4 zisokola ngemida kunye nemingcipheko efanayo, i-OpenAI yenze iinzame ezikhethekileyo, kubandakanywa iimvavanyo ezininzi eziphikisanayo, ukuzinciphisa kwi-GPT-4. Nangona oku kukhuthaza, iphepha lenkqubo ye-GPT-4 ekugqibeleni libonisa ukuba i-ChatGPT yayisengozini kangakanani (kwaye mhlawumbi isenjalo). Ukufumana ingcaciso ethe kratya yeziphumo eziyingozi ezingalindelekanga, ndincoma ukufunda iphepha lenkqubo ye-GPT-4, eqala kwiphepha lama-38 Ingxelo yobugcisa ye-GPT-4 .
Ngelixa sisazi kancinci malunga noyilo lwemodeli, kunye neendlela zoqeqesho emva kwe-GPT4, kubonakala ngathi kukho inguqulelo esulungekileyo ye-ChatGPT. Enyanisweni, okwangoku i-GPT4 iyakwazi ukwamkela imifanekiso kunye negalelo lombhalo, kwaye iziphumo zikhuselekile, zichanekile kwaye ziyila. Ngelishwa, kuya kufuneka sithathele igama le-OpenAI, njengoko i-GPT4 ifumaneka kuphela njengenxalenye yobhaliso lwe-ChatGPT Plus.
Ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nenkqubela phambili, imingcipheko kunye nezithintelo zale mifuziselo kubalulekile njengoko sijonga kulo mhlaba unomdla kodwa uvela ngokukhawuleza wemizekelo yeelwimi ezinkulu.
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