GitHub yintoni na kwaye uyisebenzisa njani

I-GitHub sisiqwenga sesoftware esetyenziswa kakhulu ngamaqela ophuhliso lwesoftware, kulawulo lwenguqulelo yophuhliso.

Kuluncedo xa ngaphezulu komntu omnye esebenza kwiprojekthi.

Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba iqela labaphuhlisi besofthiwe bafuna ukwakha iwebhusayithi kwaye bonke bafuna ukuhlaziya ikhowudi, ngexesha elifanayo, ngelixa besebenza kwiprojekthi. Kule meko, i-Github inceda ukudala indawo yokugcina indawo apho wonke umntu unokulayisha, ukuhlela, nokulawula iifayile zekhowudi yeprogram.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa i-GitHub, kufuneka wenze iakhawunti GitHub.

Repository

Indawo yokugcina idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuququzelela iprojekthi yesoftware yesicelo. Iindawo zokugcina zingaqulatha iifolda kunye neefayile, imifanekiso, iividiyo, i-spreadsheets kunye neeseti zedatha - yonke into efunwa yiprojekthi yakho. Amaxesha amaninzi oovimba baquka i README ifayile, ifayile enolwazi malunga neprojekthi yakho.

Iifayile ze-README zibhalwe ngolwimi lwe-Markdown kumbhalo ocacileyo. Ungabonisana Eli phepha web njengereferensi ekhawulezayo yolwimi lweMarkdown. I-GitHub ikuvumela ukuba ungeze ifayile ye-README ngaxeshanye usenza indawo yakho yokugcina entsha. I-GitHub ikwabonelela ngezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezifana nefayile yelayisenisi, kodwa awudingi ukukhetha nayiphi na ekuqaleni.

Ukwenza indawo yokugcina entsha, khetha kwimenyu ephezulu ngasekunene New repository. Qhubeka ngala manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene kwalo naliphi na iphepha, sebenzisa imenyu eyehlayo kwaye ukhethe New repository.

1. Kwibhokisi yeGama loGcino, ngenisa first-repository.
2. Kwibhokisi yeNkcazo, bhala inkcazelo emfutshane.
3. Khetha Yongeza ifayile ye README.
4. Khetha ukuba indawo yakho yokugcina iza kuba sesidlangalaleni okanye yabucala.
5. Cofa ku Create repository.

Ukudala isebe

Ukwenza isebe kukuvumela ukuba ube neenguqulelo ezininzi zogcino ngexesha elinye.

Ngokuzenzekeladefinita, indawo yokugcina first-repository inesebe elinegama main elithathwa njengesebe definitive. Unokwenza amasebe ongezelelweyo ukuya kwindawo yokugcina first-repository. Ungasebenzisa amasebe ukuba abe neenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeprojekthi ngexesha elinye. Oku kuluncedo xa ufuna ukongeza umsebenzi omtsha kwiprojekthi ngaphandle kokutshintsha ikhowudi yemvelaphi engundoqo. Umsebenzi owenziwe kumasebe ahlukeneyo awuyi kubonakala kwi-master branch ude uyidibanise. Unokusebenzisa amasebe ukuzama kwaye wenze utshintsho ngaphambi kokuba uzinikele kumxholo.

Xa usenza isebe elisuka kwisebe eliphambili, wenza ikopi, okanye umfanekiso okhawulezayo, oyintloko njengoko kwakunjalo ngaloo mzuzu. Ukuba omnye umntu wenze utshintsho kwinkosi yesebe ngelixa ubusebenza kwisebe lakho, ungatyhala olo hlaziyo.

Kulo mzobo ulandelayo sinokubona:

Isebe eliphambili
Isebe elitsha lafowuna feature
Indlela yokuba feature yenza phambi kokuba idityaniswe nengundoqo

Ukudala isebe lokuphunyezwa okutsha okanye ukulungiswa kwe-bug kufana nokugcina ifayile. Nge-GitHub, abaphuhlisi besoftware basebenzisa amasebe ukugcina izilungiso ze-bug, kunye nomsebenzi obonakalayo, owahlukileyo kwisebe eliphambili lemveliso. Xa utshintsho lulungile, ludibaniswa kwisebe eliphambili.

Masenze isebe

Emva kokudala indawo yethu yokugcina, yiya kwithebhu <>Code(1) kwindawo yokugcina:

Cofa engundoqo (2) imenyu yokuhla, uze unike entsha igama branch (3)

Cofa apha Create branch: first branch from 'main'

Ngoku sinesibini branch, main e first-branch. Okwangoku, zikhangeleka ngokufanayo. Kamva siya kongeza utshintsho kwintsha branch.

Yenza kwaye uqinisekise utshintsho

Ndisandula ukwenza entsha branch, GitHub ikuzise kwi code page entsha first-branch, eyikopi yentloko.

Sinokwenza kwaye sigcine utshintsho kwiifayile kwindawo yokugcina. Kwi-GitHub, utshintsho olugciniweyo lubizwa commit. Yonke commit inomyalezo osuka commit ezinxulumene, eyinkcazo echaza isizathu sokuba kwenziwe utshintsho oluthile. Imiyalezo ye commit babamba imbali yotshintsho ukuze abanye abaxhasi baqonde ukuba kwenziwa ntoni kwaye kutheni.

Ngaphantsi kwesebe first-branch yenziwe, cofa kwi README.md ifayile, kwaye emva koko kwipensile ukuhlela ifayile.

Kumhleli, bhala usebenzisa iMarkdown.

Kwibhokisi Commit changes (Preview), sibhala umyalezo we commit echaza utshintsho.

Ekugqibeleni nqakraza kwiqhosha Commit changes.

Olu tshintsho luya kwenziwa kuphela kwifayile ye- README first-branch, ke ngoku eli sebe liqulethe umxholo owahlukileyo kunowona uphambili.

Ukuvulwa kwenye pull request

Ngoku ukuba sinotshintsho kwisebe elisuka ngundoqo, sinokuvula elinye pull request.

Le pull request zintliziyo yentsebenziswano kwi-GitHub. Xa uvula i pull request, ucebisa utshintsho lwakho kwaye ucela umntu ukuba enze i review e pull ngegalelo lakho nokubadibanisa kwisebe labo. I pull request bonisa umahluko womxholo wawo omabini amasebe. Utshintsho, ukongezwa kunye nokuthabatha kuboniswe ngemibala eyahlukeneyo.

Nje ukuba wenze isibophelelo, unokuvula isicelo sokutsala kwaye uqale ingxoxo, nangaphambi kokuba ikhowudi igqitywe.

Ukusebenzisa umsebenzi @mention ukusuka kwi-GitHub kwisithuba sakho ukusuka pull request, unokubuza abantu abathile okanye amaqela ngempendulo, nokuba bakweyiphi indawo.

Ungade uvule pull request kwindawo yakho yokugcina kwaye uzidibanise ngokwakho. Yindlela entle yokufunda umsinga weGitHub ngaphambi kokuba usebenze kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu.

Ukwenza enye pull request kuneke u:

• Cofa kwisithuba pull request kwindawo yakho yokugcina first-repository.

• Cofa ku New pull request
• Ebhokisini Example Comparisons, khetha isebe olenzileyo, first-branch, ukuze kuthelekiswe nengundoqo (eyokuqala).
• Hlaziya utshintsho lwakho kumahluko kwiphepha lokuthelekisa, qiniseka ukuba zizo ofuna ukuzingenisa.

• Cofa ku Create pull request.

• Nika eyakho isihloko pull request bhala inkcazo emfutshane yotshintsho lwakho. Unokubandakanya i-emojis kunye nokutsala kunye nokulahla imifanekiso kunye ne-gifs.

• Ngokhetho, ekunene kwesihloko kunye nenkcazo, cofa ecaleni kwabaHlaziyi. Abamkeli, iileyibhile, iiProjekthi okanye iMilestones ukongeza naluphi na olu khetho kweyakho pull request. Awudingi ukuzongeza okwangoku, kodwa ezi zikhetho zibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokusebenzisana usebenzisa eyakho pull request.
• Cofa ku Create pull request.

Abasebenzisana nabo ngoku banokujonga utshintsho lwakho kwaye benze iingcebiso.

Dibanisa eyakho pull request

Kweli nyathelo lokugqibela, uya kudibanisa isebe lakho first-branch kwisebe eliphambili. Emva kokudibanisa i pull request, utshintsho kwisebe first-branch izakuzinziswa kwifayile engundoqo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, isicelo sokutsala singazisa utshintsho lwekhowudi ephikisana nekhowudi ekhoyo kwinqununu. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxabano, i-GitHub iya kukulumkisa ngekhowudi ephikisanayo kwaye ithintele ukudibanisa de iingxabano zisonjululwe. Unokwenza isibophelelo esisombulula iingxabano okanye usebenzise amagqabantshintshi kwisicelo sokutsala ukuxoxa ngeengxabano namalungu eqela lakho.

• Cofa ku Merge pull request ukudibanisa utshintsho kwingundoqo.

• Cofa ku Confirm merge. Uya kufumana umyalezo wokuba isicelo sihlanganiswe ngempumelelo kwaye isicelo sivaliwe.
• Cofa ku Delete branch. Ngoku ke eyakho richiesta pull Idityanisiwe kwaye utshintsho lwakho luphambili, ungacima ngokukhuselekileyo isebe first-branch. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza utshintsho olongezelelweyo kwiprojekthi yakho, unokuhlala usenza isebe elitsha kwaye uphinde le nkqubo.

Ercole Palmeri