Laravel middleware kamoo e sebetsang kateng

Laravel middleware ke karolo e bohareng ea kopo e kenang lipakeng tsa kopo ea mosebelisi le karabo ea sesebelisoa.

Sena se bolela hore ha mosebelisi (pono ea Laravel) a etsa kopo ho seva (molaoli oa Laravel), kopo e tla feta har'a li-middleware. Ka tsela ena middleware e ka hlahloba hore na kopo e netefalitsoe kapa che: 

• haeba kopo ea mosebedisi e tiisitsoe, kopo e romelloa ho backend;
• haeba kopo ea mosebelisi e sa netefatsoa, ​​middleware e tla lebisa mosebelisi skrineng sa ho kena.

Laravel e u lumella ho etsa joalo defiqeta le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa mahareng ho etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng ntle le netefatso. 

Laravel middlewares, joalo ka netefatso le ts'ireletso ea CSRF, li fumaneha bukeng app/Http/Middleware .

Ka hona re ka re middleware ke http kopo filter, eo ka eona ho ka khonehang ho netefatsa maemo le ho etsa liketso.

Ho theha li-middleware

Ho theha middleware e ncha re tsamaisa taelo e latelang:

php artisan make:middleware <name-of-middleware>

Re etsa the middleware mme re e bitsa CheckAge, artisan e tla re araba ka tsela e latelang:

Fesetere e kaholimo e bonts'a hore middleware e entsoe ka katleho ka lebitso " CheckAge ".

Ho bona hore na CheckAge middleware e bōpiloe kapa che, e-ea morerong ho app/Http/Middleware foldareng, 'me u tla bona faele e sa tsoa etsoa.

Faele e sa tsoa etsoa e na le khoutu e latelang

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;

class CheckAge
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        return $next($request);
    }
}

Sebelisa li-middleware

Ho sebelisa middleware, re hloka ho e ngolisa.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea li-middleware ho Laravel:

• Middleware globale
• Route Middleware

Il Global middleware e tla etsoa ka kopo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea HTTP ho tsoa ho kopo, ha ts'ebeliso ea Tsela ea Middleware e tla fuoa tsela e khethehileng. Middleware e ka ngolisoa ho app/Http/Kernel.php. Faele ena e na le litšobotsi tse peli $middleware e $RouteMiddleware . Thepa ea $middleware e sebelisoa ho ngolisa global middleware le beng ba tsona $RouteMiddleware e sebelisoa ho ngolisa li-middleware tse khethehileng.

Ho ngolisa global middleware, thathamisa sehlopha qetellong ea thepa ea $middleware.

protected $middleware = [
        \App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies::class,
        \App\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize::class,
        \App\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class,
    ];

Ho ngolisa li-middleware tse khethehileng tsa tsela, eketsa senotlolo le boleng ho thepa ea $routeMiddleware.

protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
    ];

Re bopile CheckAge mohlaleng o fetileng. Hona joale re ka ngolisa sena sebakeng sa tsela ea middleware. Khoutu ea ngoliso e joalo e bontšitsoe ka tlase.

protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
        'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
    ];

Litekanyetso tsa Middleware

Re ka boela ra fetisa liparamente ka Middleware. 

Mohlala, haeba sesebelisoa sa hau se na le likarolo tse fapaneng joalo ka mosebelisi, admin, super admin jj. 'me u batla ho netefatsa ketso ho latela karolo, u ka e etsa ka ho fetisa liparamente ka middleware. 

Middleware eo re e entseng e na le ts'ebetso e latelang, 'me re ka fetisa likhang tsa moetlo ka mor'a ngangisano $e latelang .

    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        return $next($request);
    }

Joale ha re lekeng ho beha paramethara ho "middleware" e ncha eo re tla e theha ho tloha qalong, ebe re tsoela pele ho theha Role Middleware ka ho sebelisa taelo e latelang.

Fetola mokhoa oa ho tšoara ka tsela e latelang

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class RoleMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role) {
      echo "Role: ".$role;
      return $next($request);
   }
}

re kentse parameter $role, le ka hare ho mokhoa mola echo ho ngola sephetho lebitso la karolo.

Joale ha re ngoliseng RoleMiddleware middleware bakeng sa tsela e itseng

protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
        'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
        'Role' => \App\Http\Middleware\RoleMiddleware::class,
    ];

Joale ho leka lisebelisoa tsa mahareng ka paramente, re hloka ho etsa kopo le karabo. Ho etsisa karabo ha re theheng molaoli oo re tla o bitsa TestController

php artisan make:controller TestController --plain

taelo e sa tsoa etsoa e tla theha molaoli e mocha ka har'a foldara app/Http/TestController.php, le ho fetola mokhoa index ka mola echo "<br>Test Controller.";

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class TestController extends Controller {
   public function index() {
      echo "<br>Test Controller.";
   }
}

Kamora ho theha karabo, re theha kopo ka ho hlophisa faele routes.phpka ho eketsa route role

Route::get('role',[
   'middleware' => 'Role:editor',
   'uses' => 'TestController@index',
]);

mothating ona re ka leka mohlala ka ho etela URL http://localhost:8000/role

'me ho sebatli re tla bona tse peli echo

Role editor
Test Controller

Middleware e felisitsoeng

Il terminable Middleware e etsa mesebetsi e itseng ka mora hore karabo e romellwe ho sebadi. Sena se ka finyelloa ka ho theha middleware ka mokhoa kgaola ka hara ntho e mahareng. Il terminable Middleware e tlameha ho ngolisoa le middleware lefatshe ka bophara. Mokhoa terminate e tla fumana likhang tse peli $kopo e $karabo. 

Mokhoa Terminate e tlameha ho etsoa joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe khoutu e latelang.

php artisan make:middleware TerminateMiddleware

Hang ha middleware e bōptjoa app/Http/Middleware/TerminateMiddleware.php ha re fetoleng khoutu ka tsela e latelang

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class TerminateMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
      echo "Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware.";
      return $next($request);
   }
   
   public function terminate($request, $response) {
      echo "<br>Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware.";
   }
}

tabeng ena re na le mokhoa handle le mokhoa terminate ka li-parameter tse peli $request e $response.

Joale a re ngoliseng Middleware

protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
        'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
        'Role' => \App\Http\Middleware\RoleMiddleware::class,
        'terminate' => \App\Http\Middleware\TerminateMiddleware::class,
    ];

Hona joale re hloka ho theha molaoli ho etsisa karabo

php artisan make:controller XYZController --plain

ho fetola dikahare tsa sehlopha

class XYZController extends Controller {
   public function index() {
      echo "<br>XYZ Controller.";
   }
}

Hona joale re hloka ho fetola file routes/web.php ho eketsa litsela tse hlokahalang ho kenya kopo

Route::get('terminate',[
   'middleware' => 'terminate',
   'uses' => 'XYZController@index',
]);

mothating ona re ka leka mohlala ka ho etela URL http://localhost:8000/terminate

'me ho sebatli re tla bona mela e latelang

Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware
XYZController
Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware

Ercole Palmeri

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