Iyini i-Sustainability, inhloso yeshumi nambili ye-ajenda ye-UN 2030: Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo

TheI-ajenda yeZizwe Ezihlangene yowezi-2030 Yabeka njengenhloso yomhlaba wonke yokuthi “Ukwanelisa izidingo zesizukulwane samanje ngaphandle kokuyekethisa lezo zesizukulwane esizayo”, lena i-diktat yezikhathi zethu. Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa okusimeme, inhloso yeshumi nambili: "Ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okusimeme nokusetshenziswa kwamamodeli"

Ukusetshenziswa nokukhiqiza ngendlela eqhubekayo kusho ukugqugquzelwa kokusebenza ngendlela efanele kwezinsiza namandla, ingqalasizinda esimeme, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ezinsizeni eziyisisekelo, imisebenzi ehloniphekile nenobungani nemvelo kanye nezinga lempilo elingcono lawo wonke umuntu. Ukuqaliswa kwayo kunomthelela ekuqalisweni kwezinhlelo zentuthuko zizonke, ekwehliseni izindleko zesikhathi esizayo zezomnotho, ezemvelo nezenhlalakahle, ekwenzeni ngcono ukuncintisana komnotho kanye nokunciphisa ubumpofu.
Ukusetshenziswa nokukhiqiza okusimeme kuhloswe "ukwenza okuningi nangcono ngokuncane", ukwandisa izinzuzo mayelana nenhlalakahle etholakala emisebenzini yezomnotho, ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, ukucekelwa phansi kanye nokungcola kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ababambiqhaza abahlukene, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi, abathengi, abenzi bezinqubomgomo, abacwaningi, ososayensi, abathengisi, ama-ejensi abezindaba kanye nentuthuko yokubambisana. Kulokhu, indlela ehlelekile nesebenzisanayo iyadingeka phakathi kwezifundo ezisebenzayo kumaketango wokuhlinzeka, kusukela kumkhiqizi kuya kumthengi. Lokhu futhi kudinga ukuzibandakanya kwabathengi ezinhlelweni zokuqwashisa ngabathengi kanye nezindlela zokuphila ezisimeme, ukubahlinzeka ngolwazi olwanele ngamazinga namalebula, futhi kubabandakanye, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekuthengeni okusimeme komphakathi.

Amaqiniso kanye nezibalo

• Unyaka ngamunye, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokudla okukhiqizwayo, okuhambelana namathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,3, okungabiza cishe isigidintathu samaRandi, kuphelela kudoti wabathengi nabahwebi, noma konakale ngenxa yezinhlelo zokuthutha noma imikhuba yezolimo enganele.
• Ukube abantu emhlabeni bebengasebenzisa izibani ezonga amandla, bebeyonga amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-120 ngonyaka.
• Uma inani labantu emhlabeni lifinyelela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9,6 ngonyaka ngo-2050, kungadingeka amaplanethi amathathu ukuhlangabezana nesidingo semithombo yemvelo edingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe indlela yokuphila yamanje.

I-1. Acqua

• Angaphansi kwamaphesenti amathathu amanzi omhlaba ayaphuzwa, okungamaphesenti angu-3 awo aqandiswe e-Antarctica, e-Arctic nasezinguzunga zeqhwa. Ngakho-ke isintu kufanele sithembele kumaphesenti angu-2,5 ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zomuntu kanye nesimiso semvelo samanzi okuphuza
• Umuntu ungcolisa amanzi omhlaba ngokushesha kunekhono lemvelo lokuvuselela nokuhlanza amanzi emifuleni nasemachibini
• Abantu abangaphezu kwesigidigidi basantula amanzi aphephile
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile kunomthelela ekucindezelekeni kwamanzi emhlabeni jikelele
• Amanzi ayimpahla yamahhala, kodwa ingqalasizinda edingekayo ukuze athuthwe ayabiza.

2. Amandla

• Naphezu kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eye yakhuthaza ukwanda kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla emazweni e-OECD kuzoqhubeka nokukhula ngamanye ama-35% ngo-2020.
• Ngo-2002, isitokwe sezimoto emazweni e-OECD kwakuyizimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-550 (ama-75% azo izimoto zomuntu siqu). Ngo-2020, kulindeleke ukuthi zenyuke ngo-32% izimoto eziphethwe ngabantu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-40 amakhilomitha ahanjwa izimoto, kanye nokuphindaphindeka kathathu kokuhamba kwezindiza emhlabeni wonke.
• Imindeni idla u-29% wamandla omhlaba, okunomthelela ku-21% we-CO2 ekhishwayo
• Ngo-2013, ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zawo wonke amandla asetshenziswayo emhlabeni avela emithonjeni evuselelekayo.

3. Ukudla

• Nakuba umthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo emkhakheni wokudla uvela ezigabeni zokukhiqiza (umkhakha wezolimo kanye nokudla kwezolimo), imindeni inomthelela kulo mthelela ngokukhetha ukudla kanye nemikhuba. Lokhu-ke kunomthelela emvelweni ngamandla asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukudla kanye nokuphehla imfucuza
• amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,3 okudla ayamoshwa minyaka yonke, kuyilapho abantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1 behlupheka ngenxa yokungondleki kahle kanti enye ibhiliyoni balamba.
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla kuveza imiphumela eyingozi empilweni yethu nasendaweni ezungezile
• Abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili emhlabeni wonke bakhuluphele ngokweqile noma bakhuluphele
• Izigigaba zokucekelwa phansi komhlabathi, ukomiswa komhlaba, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela engafanele, ukuxhashazwa kokudoba ngokweqile kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo yasolwandle kunciphisa amandla emithombo yemvelo ukuhlinzeka ngokukhiqiza ukudla.
• Umkhakha wokudla ubalelwa ku-30% wawo wonke amandla asetshenziswayo, futhi unesibopho sama-22% wesisi esingcolisa umoya.

Imigomo

12.1 Ukusebenzisa Uhlaka Lweminyaka Eyishumi Lwezinhlelo Zokusebenzisa Nokukhiqiza Okuqhubekayo, olubandakanya wonke amazwe, anamazwe athuthukile ephethe, kodwa futhi kubhekwe ukuthuthukiswa namandla amazwe asathuthuka.

12.2 Ngonyaka wezi-2030, sifinyelele ekuphathweni okusimeme kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle kwemithombo yemvelo

12.3 Ngonyaka wezi-2030, nciphisa ukulahlwa kokudla emhlabeni ngesigamu ngomuntu ngamunye ezingeni lezitolo nelabathengi futhi unciphise ukulahlekelwa kokudla kuwo wonke amaketanga okukhiqiza nokuhlinzeka, okuhlanganisa nokulahlekelwa ngemva kokuvuna.

12.4 Ngonyaka wezi-2020, bafinyelele ekuphathweni kwemvelo kwamakhemikhali nayo yonke imfucumfucu kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila, ngokuhambisana nezinhlaka okuvunyelwene ngazo zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi kuncishiswe ngokuphawulekayo ukukhululwa kwawo emoyeni, emanzini nasenhlabathini ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ongemuhle empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo.

12.5 Ngo-2030, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuphehlwa kukadoti ngokuvimbela, ukunciphisa, ukugaywa kabusha nokusetshenziswa kabusha.

12.6 Khuthaza amabhizinisi, ikakhulukazi izinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuthi asebenzise izinqubo ezisimeme futhi ahlanganise ulwazi lokusimama embikweni wawo wonyaka.

12.7 Gqugquzela izinqubo ezisimeme zokuthengwa kwempahla yomphakathi, ngokuhambisana nezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke kanye nezinto ezibalulekile

12.8 Ngo-2030, qinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu, yonke indawo emhlabeni, banolwazi olufanele kanye nokuqwashisa okufanele ngentuthuko esimeme kanye nendlela yokuphila ehambisana nemvelo.

12.a Sekela amazwe asathuthuka ekuqiniseni amandla awo kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukuze azuze ukusetshenziswa okusimeme kanye namaphethini okukhiqiza

12.b Ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha imithelela yentuthuko esimeme yezokuvakasha esimeme, edala amathuba emisebenzi futhi ethuthukisa amasiko endawo kanye nemikhiqizo.

12.c Ukulinganisa uxhaso olungasebenzi lwamafutha ensalela ekhuthaza imfucuza ngokususa ukuhlanekezelwa kwezimakethe ngokuhambisana nezimo zikazwelonke, okuhlanganisa ukuhlela kabusha izinhlelo zentela nokuqeda lezo zibonelelo eziyingozi, uma zikhona, ukuze zibonise umthelela wazo kwezemvelo, kucatshangelwa izidingo nezimo ezithile. amazwe asathuthuka kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela engemihle engaba khona ekuthuthukisweni kwawo, ukuze kuvikelwe abampofu kanye nemiphakathi ethinteke kakhulu

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