sikhulume ngayo eposini edlule ekukhetheni isoftware ehamba phambili, esigxile kuyoukuhlaziywa kokuqala komuntu ibhizinisi lenhlangano (Ngaphandle kwayo akunakwenzeka ukwenza isinqumo esihlakaniphile). Sizobona nokuthi, ukukhetha okuhle, kuyadingeka ukubheka inani elithile labathengisi. Ukuze ke ungacubunguli kuphela izixazululo ngombono "wezobuchwepheshe", kepha nezinsizakalo ezinikezayo nenhlangano yezabasebenzi ezithi, enkampanini yethu, kuzodingeka ukuthi zithole okuningi kusuka kusoftware entsha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, sizobe sisebenzise imali yethu kabi ngokungatholi izinzuzo esizifunayo.
Manje ake sibuyele emuva sizibuze ukuthi yisiphi izidingo zokusebenza futhi yiziphi ungathenga kanjani kuzofanele wethule ikhambi elilungele izidingo zethu: ngamafuphi, iziphi izinzuzo eziphambili esilindele ukuzithola kusoftware enhle kakhulu. Futhi kuleli cala, ngokuhlaziywa kwebhizinisi lethu okokuqala, ngeke sibheke noma yimuphi umkhiqizo noma imininingwane ethile yobuchwepheshe: lesi kuzoba yisinyathelo esilandelayo. Okwamanje, sizovele sigcwalise uhlu lokuhlola ngezinto okufanele 'ziphawule "ezizofika kahle ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo.
"Sizibuze ukuthi yiziphi izidingo zokusebenza futhi yiziphi ungathenga kanjani kuzofanela sethule ikhambi elilungele izidingo zethu: ngamafuphi, yiziphi izinzuzo eziphambili esilindele ukuzithola kusoftware enhle kakhulu "
Futhi nakulesi simo, eyethu Uhlu lokukwenza iyavezwa futhi ihilela abenzi bezinqumo abaningi ngaphakathi enkampanini yethu: ngokuqinisekile hhayi umnyango we-IT kuphela.
La Ukukhetha kwesoftware yebhizinisi kungaba ngumphumela wesidingo, oboniswa ngumkhakha ongaphakathi wenkampani yethu, noma igunya eliqondile le ukuphathwa okuphezulu (onokubukwa okuphelele kwezintshisekelo zakusasa zenkampani kanye necebo lokulandela). Umsuka we-mandine ngokwayo incike kakhulu ekutheni inqubo ekucutshungwayo iyini core noma okwesibili kwebhizinisi. Ukhumbula ukuthi kaningi ukukhethwa kwesoftware entsha kuyisihluthulelo sokushintsha izinqubo.
Kunoma ikuphi, okubaluleke ngempela yilokho konke abadlali abathintekayo (kufaka phakathi labo ababonisa isidingo, labo abathatha izinqumo ngamazinga aphezulu kakhulu nalabo abanamakhono obuchwepheshe nawokusebenza okufeza izingxoxo ezizayo) kumele babe iqondaniswe nenhloso yokukhetha nasezimpawu zesisombululo ukutholwa.
Kungale ndlela kuphela yokucabanga lapho empeleni esingabhala uhlu lwezidingo ezisebenzayo. Ngokufanelekile, abadlali bethu abathathu (abasebenzisi, abaphathi abaphezulu nabahlaziyi abasebenza kahle kwezobuchwepheshe) bazohlangana ukuthola ibhizinisi elivamile ukucabangela. Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu kungenzeka kuncike ekuguquguqukeni isikhathi (kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe izindleko zangaphakathi ze defiukusungulwa kanye nokuphatha a iphrojekthi).
Futhi lo msebenzi wokuvumelanisa ubaluleke kakhulu uma sicabanga ngesinye isici sokukhethwa: njengakuyo yonke into "Ukuhamba komthengi", leyo inqubo yokuthenga eqala kusuka kunesidingo futhi idlula ekubuyiselweni kolwazi ekunikezelweni kwemakethe, kungahle kube nokuthile "Izindawo ezimpunga". Eqinisweni akuvamile ukuthi abaphathi abaphezulu, noma umsebenzi wenkampani abazosizakala kusisombululo, bazithole benolwazi olujwayelekile lwekhambi okufanele lithathwe: bayayazi into abayifunayo, hhayi ukuthi bangayisho kanjani ngokucacile nangokucacile. Lokhu nakho utile ukwesekwa uchwepheshe emkhakheni we-IT, uma kukhonjwe abahlaziyi abasebenza kahle ababeka amakhono afanele.
Lapha ke eminye imibuzo iqembu elizoyibuza: iluphi uhlu olunemininingwane yezimfuneko? Ingabe iphuzu ngalinye licacile kulo lonke ithimba elihlanganise uhlu lokuhlola? Ngabe noma ngubani ozoqhuba izingxoxo unesibopho sakhe engqondweni? Futhi ingabe igunya ngokwalo liqondile futhi linemininingwane noma linamagebe? Isu elihle ongalisebenzisa kungaba indlela yeScrum: labo ababamba iqhaza kuphrojekthi baxoxa indaba ukuze isethulo sengxoxo sivune. defiimiqondo ezosetshenziselwa umsebenzi.
Imvamisa izixazululo zebhizinisi emakethe awunayo yonke imisebenzi edingekayo nge umthengi. Abaphathi benkampani bayakwazi lokhu kusukela ekuqaleni. Futhi yingakho, lapho nje uhlu lokuhlola selwenziwe, siyaqala ukwakha a inkomba ye kuqala: yonke inkampani, uma izinhloso zibekiwe, inezayo.
"Imvamisa izixazululo zebhizinisi emaketheawunayo yonke imisebenzi edingekayo nge umthengi. Abaphathi benkampani bayakwazi lokhu kusukela ekuqaleni. Futhi yingakho, lapho nje uhlu lokuhlola selwenziwe, siyaqala ukwakha a inkomba ye kuqala"
Abanye basikisela ukuzihlanganisa kuleyo naleyo nto edingekayo amaphuzu ahlukile okubaluleka: inani eliphelele lesisombululo ngasinye esihlolisisiwe kuzoba yisamba sezidingo ezikhona nokubaluleka kwazo okulinganayo. Kuyiseluleko somqondo ojwayelekile, uma nje ungachemile kakhulu kuhlolo lokugcina: kungokwemvelo ukuthi ngokuchazwa isilinganiso futhi kunezici ezingaphandle kwesoftware, ngaphezu kwanoma yini ehlobene nomphakeli. Sizobabona eposini elandelayo.
Ukuhlola okungaphakathi ikhwalithi yesoftware kuyadingeka ukusungula ezinye amameyili wenhloso (Ngakho-ke ngaphesheya kwezidingo ezisebenzayo, okucatshangwayo okwenziwe yinkampani,)
Ukungazi ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziguquguqukayo zokukala umkhiqizo kusho ukungakwazi ukwazi lokho Inani. Futhi, sifuna ukuhlanganisa uhlu kuqala ukuhlola izixazululo ngazinye: sizoyisebenzisa njengemitha ngesikhathi sokukhethwa kwangempela.
Kunezincwadi eziningi ngale ndaba: empeleni, vele uthayiphe injini yokusesha "Ikhwalithi yeSoftware" ukuthola okuthunyelwe nezincwadi ngaleyo ndaba. Indawo esetshenziswayo yokuqala izwi Wikipedia, okuhlu iqoqo lemingcele zangaphandle (ie mayelana nekhwalithi ebonwa ngumsebenzisi), ukuhlola ikhambi lesisombululo elizotholwa. Phakathi kwalokhu: ukunemba, ukuthembeka, ukweqina, ukusebenza kahle. Kepha futhi ingaphakathi, inokuqinisekiswa yiqembu le Onjiniyela: ukulondolozeka, ukusebenziseka kabusha, ukuguquguquka, ezinye zezibonelo ezifakwe kuhlu.
Futhi kulokhu, iqembu linquma inkomba yokubaluleka yamapharamitha ahlukahlukene: ngokwesibonelo ukuphathwa kwenkampani, okunombono wamasu wephrojekthi, kungasho ukubaluleka kwesibili ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwesoftware. Futhi-ke, kulesi sigaba sokukhethwa kwesoftware, kuhle ukwazi umbono we umsebenzi wekhwalithi yenkampani (lapho ikhona).
Ukuhluka okuyisisekelo: ngaphambi kokuqala ukubonisana okudingeka ube nakho engqondweni isabelomali inani olitholile ukutholwa kwesoftware (zombili ze-software uqobo kanye nezindleko zehora lomuntu ezidingekayo emsebenzini wokukhetha). Ukuthola isamba esingokoqobo, abanye sebevele banesilinganiso sokuqhamukwa kwezixazululo ezazitholwe yinkampani, abanye bathembela ezwini lomlomo phakathi kozakwabo abavela emkhakheni ofanayo (noma eqenjini elilodwa lezimboni). Ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani okusetshenziswe ngaphambili kwezixazululo ezifanayo kusiza inqubo yokukhethwa kwesoftware.
"Udinga ukuthi ubheke isabelomali sonke osenzele sona ukutholwa kwesoftware: hlola ukuthi kusetshenziswe malini ngaphambili ukuthola izixazululo ezifanayo eqinisweni kusiza inqubo yokukhetha isoftware "
Kuyiqiniso, intengo yesoftware yamazinga webhizinisi ingumphumela oqondile hhayi kuphela kwekhwalithi yayo yangaphakathi, kodwa futhi nomsebenzi owenziwe ngumphakeli ukuze awuklame futhi awuthuthukise: ukulungisa izindleko, kukhona izindlela eziguqukayo zokutholwa (sizobabona ephuzwini i-6).
Akusoze kube nokukhuluma okwenele ngakho: zonke izinkampani zizithola zisebenza inani elikhulayo lemininingwane eziphathelene nebhizinisi lakhe namakhasimende alo. Ngasikhathi sinye, Siyazi ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva isibalo sabantu sikhuphukile ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kulwazi lwenkampani. Ukuvikela imininingwane yakho-ke kungumsebenzi oqondile futhi ongenakugwemeka kulabo abaphethe.
Eminye yemisebenzi yalabo abaqhuba ukuxoxisana ngakho-ke kungaba ukwazi ukuvikela okubekwe ngumhlinzeki. Okwamanje, ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwezingozi nezixazululo alunakulimaza: Imenenja yomnyango we-ICT uzokwazi ukwazisa othintana nabo benkampani ngazo zombili izici.
Nquma uma ukhetha ikhambi efwini (kwingqalasizinda ekude) noma on-premise (efakwe kumaseva wenkampani) akuyona nje i-quirk: isabelomali nohlobo lokuphathwa kwedatha kunomthelela wabo oqondile isetshenziswa kanjani isoftware.
Kwabaphathi abaningi, munye Isixazululo esakhiweni isahlotshaniswa nombono wokuzinza nokulawula: kepha-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kakhulu kufanele kubhekwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifu ivumelana nezimo futhi ayibizi kakhulu ngokuya ngamanani entengo, kepha idinga umphakeli anikeze iziqinisekiso ezengeziwe ngokuya ngokuphepha kwedatha nokusebenza kwesiteshi (okusho isivinini sokuhambisa kanye nokwenza uhlelo).
Indlela izindleko ezicatshangelwa ngayo futhi ishintsha: intengo engokwasisekelo ngokuvamile isuselwa ekukhokhweni kwe amalayisense, izindleko zokwenza ngokwezifiso, ukusetha kokuqala, izindleko zokulungisa ezilandelayo nokunye. Ifu liyimodeli khokha ngokusetshenziswa ngakunyeIzithelo ezinkulu, khuphula izindleko. Imvamisa, kwimodi yefu, wonke amacala enza izindleko aguqulwa abe yimali ekhokhwayo, ngokuvamile ephansi (uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzibophezela kwenkontileka yeminyaka eminingi, imvamisa ukusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuye kwemihlanu).
Kungabonakala kuyindida, kepha kumane kuvela: uhlu lokuhlola okulindelwe esibeka ngalo kusisombululo esisha ... alunaki Ukuhlaziywa kwesoftware edinga ukushintshwa. Vele, asisho isimo sokufakwa kokuqala.
"Uhlu oluhle lokuhlola okulindelwe sibeka ikhambi elisha ... alunaki Ukuhlaziywa kwesoftware edinga ukushintshwa"
Okokuqala, inhloso ukukhombisa ubuthakathaka: yiziphi izici ezihlukile ezasenza safuna umkhiqizo ohlukile. Ngisho iminyaka yesoftware nokwelashwa okunolaka ngokufanayo kungafakazela ukuthi kungukuhamba okungalungile.
Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka nokuthi sibhale phansi ezinye amandla: akushiwo, empeleni, ukuthi ukuphathwa kwenqubo nesixazululo esidala bekungaphelele kuzo zonke izici.
Futhi kulokhu kuhlaziya, kuyasiza ukwenza umsebenzi owabiwe: ulwazi olusebenzayo e ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe bayahambisana futhi bobabili banegalelo ekuhlolweni kokhonkolo okuthe xaxa kwekhwalithi yesoftware. Ngisho nomuntu ozoshintsha!
Ngokwami, ngicabanga ukuthi lapho isoftware ingasenele ngokuqinisekile akuyona iphutha lalabo abenze ukhetho ngaleso sikhathi. umane imakethe isishintshile futhi leyo software ayiphenduli ngezidingo ezintsha zebhizinisi. Yingakho ukuqondisisa kwakamuva kuya ngokuya ku refactoring izinhlelo eziqhubekayo.
I-Autore Paolo Ravalli
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