i-laravel middleware
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umsebenzisi (ukubuka kwe-Laravel) enza isicelo kuseva (isilawuli se-Laravel), isicelo sizodlula ku-middleware. Ngale ndlela i-middleware ingabheka ukuthi isicelo siqinisekisiwe noma cha:
I-Laravel ikuvumela ukuba wenze kanjalo definire futhi usebenzise i-middleware eyengeziwe ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa.
I-Laravel middlewares, njengokufakazela ubuqiniso nokuvikelwa kwe-CSRF, itholakala ohlwini lwemibhalo uhlelo lokusebenza/Http/Middleware .
Ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi i-middleware iyisihlungi sesicelo se-http, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuqinisekisa izimo nokwenza izenzo.
Ukwakha i-middleware entsha sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
php artisan make:middleware <name-of-middleware>Sakha i- middleware futhi siyayibiza CheckAge, artisan uzosiphendula kanje:
Iwindi elingenhla libonisa ukuthi i-middleware idalwe ngempumelelo negama ” I-CheckAge ".
Ukuze ubone ukuthi i-middleware ye-CheckAge idaliwe noma cha, hamba kuphrojekthi kufolda yohlelo lokusebenza/Http/Middleware, futhi uzobona ifayela elisanda kwakhiwa.
Ifayela elisanda kwakhiwa linekhodi elandelayo
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class CheckAge
{
/**
* Handle an incoming request.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
* @param \Closure $next
* @return mixed
*/
public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
return $next($request);
}
}Ukuze sisebenzise i-middleware, sidinga ukuyibhalisa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-middleware e-Laravel:
Middleware globaleRoute MiddlewareIl global middleware izokwenziwa kuzo zonke izicelo ze-HTTP kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza, ngenkathi i- Umzila Middleware izonikezwa indlela ethile. I-Middleware ingabhaliswa ku- app/Http/Kernel.php. Leli fayela liqukethe izici ezimbili $middleware e $RouteMiddleware . Impahla ye-$middleware isetshenziselwa ukubhalisa i-global middleware kanye nobunikazi $RouteMiddleware isetshenziselwa ukubhalisa i-middleware eqondene nomzila.
Ukuze ubhalise i-global middleware, faka ikilasi ohlwini ekugcineni kwempahla ye-$middleware.
protected $middleware = [
\App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies::class,
\App\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
\Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize::class,
\App\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class,
\Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class,
];Ukuze ubhalise i-middleware eqondene nomzila, engeza ukhiye kanye nenani esakhiweni se-$routeMiddleware.
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
];Sakhile I-CheckAge esibonelweni sangaphambilini. Manje singabhalisa lokhu endaweni yomzila we-middleware. Ikhodi yokubhalisa okunjalo iboniswe ngezansi.
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
];Singakwazi futhi ukudlulisa amapharamitha nge-Middleware.
Isibonelo, uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lunezindima ezihlukile ezifana nomsebenzisi, umlawuli, umphathi omkhulu njll. futhi ufuna ukugunyaza isenzo ngokusekelwe endimeni, ungakwenza ngokudlula amapharamitha nge-middleware.
I-middleware esiyidalile iqukethe umsebenzi olandelayo, futhi singadlulisa ama-agumenti ngokwezifiso ngemva kwengxabano $okulandelayo .
public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
return $next($request);
}Manje ake sizame ukusetha ipharamitha yendima ku-middleware entsha esizoyakha kusukela ekuqaleni, bese siqhubeka nokwakha I-Role Middleware ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo.
Lungisa indlela yokubamba kanje
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class RoleMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role) {
echo "Role: ".$role;
return $next($request);
}
}sengeze ipharamitha $role, futhi ngaphakathi kwendlela umugqa echo ukubhala okukhiphayo igama lendima.
Manje ake sibhalise i-middleware ye-RoleMiddleware ukuze uthole indlela ethile
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
'Role' => \App\Http\Middleware\RoleMiddleware::class,
];Manje ukuhlola i-middleware ngepharamitha, sidinga ukudala isicelo nempendulo. Ukuze silingise impendulo masidale isilawuli esizosibiza nge-TestController
php artisan make:controller TestController --plainumyalo osanda kukhishwa uzodala isilawuli esisha ngaphakathi kwefolda app/Http/TestController.php, futhi ushintshe indlela index ngomugqa echo "<br>Test Controller.";
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class TestController extends Controller {
public function index() {
echo "<br>Test Controller.";
}
}Ngemva kokusetha impendulo, sakha isicelo ngokuhlela ifayela routes.phpngokwengeza i route role
Route::get('role',[
'middleware' => 'Role:editor',
'uses' => 'TestController@index',
]);kuleli qophelo singazama isibonelo ngokuvakashela i-URL http://localhost:8000/role
futhi kusiphequluli sizobona okubili echo
Role editor
Test ControllerIl terminable Middleware yenza eminye imisebenzi ngemva kokuthunyelwa kwempendulo esipheqululini. Lokhu kungafinyelelwa ngokwakha i-middleware ngendlela qeda ku-middleware. Il terminable Middleware kumele ibhaliswe ne middleware global. Indlela terminate uzothola izimpikiswano ezimbili $isicelo e $impendulo.
Indlela Terminate kufanele idalwe njengoba kukhonjisiwe kukhodi elandelayo.
php artisan make:middleware TerminateMiddlewareUma i-middleware idaliwe app/Http/Middleware/TerminateMiddleware.php ake siguqule ikhodi ngendlela elandelayo
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class TerminateMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
echo "Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware.";
return $next($request);
}
public function terminate($request, $response) {
echo "<br>Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware.";
}
}kulokhu sinendlela handle kanye nendlela terminate namapharamitha amabili $request e $response.
Manje ake sibhalise i-Middleware
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
'Age' => \App\Http\Middleware\CheckAge::class,
'Role' => \App\Http\Middleware\RoleMiddleware::class,
'terminate' => \App\Http\Middleware\TerminateMiddleware::class,
];Manje sidinga ukudala isilawuli ukuze silingise impendulo
php artisan make:controller XYZController --plainukuguqula okuqukethwe kwekilasi
class XYZController extends Controller {
public function index() {
echo "<br>XYZ Controller.";
}
}Manje sidinga ukuhlela ifayela routes/web.php ingeza imizila edingekayo ukuze wenze isicelo sisebenze
Route::get('terminate',[
'middleware' => 'terminate',
'uses' => 'XYZController@index',
]);kuleli qophelo singazama isibonelo ngokuvakashela i-URL http://localhost:8000/terminate
futhi kusiphequluli sizobona imigqa elandelayo
Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware
XYZController
Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddlewareErcole Palmeri
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