GitHub ukuthi iyini nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani

I-GitHub iwucezu lwesofthiwe esetshenziswa kakhulu amaqembu okuthuthukisa isofthiwe, ukulawula inguqulo yokuthuthukisa.

Kuwusizo uma abantu abangaphezu koyedwa besebenza kuphrojekthi.

Isibonelo, ake sithi ithimba labathuthukisi be-software lifuna ukwakha iwebhusayithi futhi bonke badinga ukubuyekeza ikhodi, ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngenkathi besebenza kuphrojekthi. Kulokhu, i-Github isiza ukudala inqolobane emaphakathi lapho wonke umuntu engalayisha khona, ahlele, futhi aphathe amafayela ekhodi yohlelo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa i-GitHub, udinga ukudala i-akhawunti GitHub.

Igumbi

Indawo yokugcina imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukuhlela iphrojekthi yesoftware yohlelo lokusebenza. Amakhosombe angaqukatha amafolda namafayela, izithombe, amavidiyo, amaspredishithi namasethi edatha - konke okudingwa iphrojekthi yakho. Ngokuvamile amakhosombe afaka ifayela le-README, ifayela elinolwazi mayelana nephrojekthi yakho.

Amafayela e-README abhalwe ngolimi lwe-Markdown ngombhalo ongenalutho. Ungabonisana leli khasi iwebhu njengereferensi esheshayo yolimi lwe-Markdown. I-GitHub ikuvumela ukuthi ungeze ifayela le-README ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho udala indawo yokugcina yakho entsha. I-GitHub futhi inikeza ezinye izinketho ezivamile njengefayela lelayisense, kodwa awudingi ukukhetha noma yiliphi ekuqaleni.

Ukuze udale indawo yokugcina entsha, phezulu kwesokudla khetha kumenyu New repository. Qhubeka nezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla kunoma yiliphi ikhasi, sebenzisa imenyu yokudonsela phansi bese ukhetha New repository.

1. Ebhokisini Legama Lendawo, faka first-repository.
2. Ebhokisini Lencazelo, bhala incazelo emfushane.
3. Khetha Engeza ifayela le-README.
4. Khetha ukuthi ingabe inqolobane yakho izoba sesidlangalaleni noma ibe yimfihlo.
5. Qhafaza Create repository.

Ukwakha igatsha

Ukudala igatsha kukuvumela ukuthi ube nezinguqulo ezimbalwa zendawo yokugcina ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ngephuthadefinita, inqolobane first-repository inegatsha eliqanjwe igama main elithathwa njengegatsha definitive. Ungakha amagatsha engeziwe ukuze abe yinqolobane first-repository. Ungasebenzisa amagatsha ukuze ube nezinguqulo ezihlukene zephrojekthi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuyasiza uma ufuna ukwengeza ukusebenza okusha kuphrojekthi ngaphandle kokushintsha ikhodi yomthombo eyinhloko. Umsebenzi owenziwe emagatsheni ahlukene ngeke ubonakale egatsheni eliyinhloko uze ulihlanganise. Ungasebenzisa amagatsha ukuze uzame futhi wenze izinguquko ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kokuyinhloko.

Uma udala igatsha egatsheni eliyinhloko, wenza ikhophi, noma isifinyezo, sokuyinhloko njengoba kwakunjalo ngaleso sikhathi. Uma omunye umuntu enze izinguquko egatsheni eliyinhloko ngenkathi usebenza egatsheni lakho, ungaphusha lezo zibuyekezo.

Kulo mdwebo olandelayo singabona:

Igatsha elikhulu
Kwabizwa igatsha elisha feature
Indlela eya feature yenza ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa nokuyinhloko

Ukudala igatsha lokusetshenziswa okusha noma ukulungisa iziphazamisi kufana nokulondoloza ifayela. Nge-GitHub, abathuthukisi be-software basebenzisa amagatsha ukugcina ukulungiswa kweziphazamisi, kanye nomsebenzi wesici, ohlukile egatsheni lokukhiqiza eliyinhloko. Uma ushintsho selulungile, luhlanganiswa negatsha eliyinhloko.

Ake sakhe igatsha

Ngemva kokudala inqolobane yethu, hambisa kuthebhu <>Code(1) yendawo yokugcina:

Chofoza imenyu yokudonsela phansi eyinhloko (2), bese unikeza entsha igama branch (3)

Chofoza ku- Create branch: first branch from 'main'

Manje sinezimbili branch, main e first-branch. Njengamanje, zifana ncamashi. Kamuva sizofaka izinguquko kwesisha branch.

Yenza futhi uqinisekise izinguquko

Usanda kwakha entsha branch, I-GitHub ikulethe ku- code page okwentsha first-branch, okuyikhophi ye-main.

Singenza futhi silondoloze izinguquko kumafayela endaweni yokugcina. Ku-GitHub, izinguquko ezilondoloziwe ziyabizwa commit. Njalo commit inomlayezo ovela ku commit okuhambisanayo, okuyincazelo echaza ukuthi kungani kwenziwe ushintsho oluthile. Imiyalezo ye commit bathwebula umlando wezinguquko ukuze abanye abahlanganyeli baqonde ukuthi kwenziwani nokuthi kungani.

Ngaphansi kwegatsha first-branch adaliwe, chofoza ifayela le-README.md, kanye nepensela ukuze uhlele ifayela.

Kumhleli, bhala usebenzisa i-Markdown.

Ebhokisini Commit changes (Buka kuqala), sibhala umlayezo we commit echaza izinguquko.

Ekugcineni chofoza inkinobho Commit changes.

Lezi zinguquko zizokwenziwa kufayela le-README kuphela first-branch, ngakho manje leli gatsha liqukethe okuqukethwe okuhlukile kunokuyinhloko.

Ukuvulwa kweyodwa pull request

Manje njengoba sinezinguquko egatsheni eliphuma ngokuyinhloko, singakwazi ukuvula eyodwa pull request.

Le pull request bayizinhliziyo zokusebenzisana ku-GitHub. Uma uvula a pull request, uphakamisa izinguquko zakho futhi ucela othile ukuthi enze a review e pull ngomnikelo wakho nokubahlanganisa egatsheni labo. I pull request khombisa umehluko wokuqukethwe yiwo womabili amagatsha. Izinguquko, izengezo kanye nokukhishwa kukhonjiswa ngemibala ehlukene.

Lapho nje wenza isibopho, ungavula isicelo sokudonsa futhi uqale ingxoxo, nangaphambi kokuba ikhodi iqedwe.

Ukusebenzisa umsebenzi @mention ye-GitHub kumlayezo wakho we pull request, ungacela impendulo kubantu abathile noma amaqembu, ngokunganaki indawo yabo.

Ungakwazi nokuvula pull request endaweni yakho yokugcina futhi uzihlanganise ngokwakho. Kuyindlela enhle yokufunda ukusakaza kwe-GitHub ngaphambi kokusebenza kumaphrojekthi amakhulu.

Ukwenza eyodwa pull request kumele:

• Chofoza kuthebhu pull request endaweni yakho yokugcina first-repository.

• Qhafaza New pull request
• Ebhokisini Example Comparisons, khetha igatsha olidalile, first-branch, ukuze iqhathaniswe neyinhloko (eyokuqala).
• Buyekeza izinguquko zakho kumehluko ekhasini elithi Qhathanisa, qiniseka ukuthi yilawo ofuna ukuwahambisa.

• Qhafaza Create pull request.

• Nikeza esakho isihloko pull request bhala incazelo emfushane yezinguquko zakho. Ungafaka phakathi ama-emojis futhi uhudule bese uphonsa izithombe nama-gif.

• Ongakukhetha, kwesokudla sesihloko nencazelo, chofoza eduze kokuthi Ababuyekezi. Abamukeli, Amalebula, Amaphrojekthi noma Ama-Milestone ukuze wengeze noma yiziphi zalezi zinketho kwezakho pull request. Awudingi ukuwangeza okwamanje, kodwa lezi zinketho zinikeza izindlela ezimbalwa zokuhlanganyela usebenzisa eyakho pull request.
• Qhafaza Create pull request.

Abahlanganyeli bakho manje bangabuyekeza izinguquko zakho futhi benze iziphakamiso.

Hlanganisa eyakho pull request

Kulesi sinyathelo sokugcina, uzohlanganisa igatsha lakho first-branch egatsheni elikhulu. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa i- pull request, izinguquko egatsheni first-branch izoshumekwa enhloko yefayela.

Kwesinye isikhathi, isicelo sokudonsa singathula izinguquko zekhodi ezingqubuzana nekhodi ekhona kokuyinhloko. Uma kukhona ukungqubuzana, i-GitHub izokuxwayisa ngekhodi ephikisanayo futhi ivimbele ukuhlanganisa kuze kube yilapho izingxabano sezixazululiwe. Ungenza isibopho esixazulula izingxabano noma usebenzise amazwana esicelweni sokudonsa ukuze uxoxe ngezingxabano namalungu eqembu lakho.

• Qhafaza Merge pull request ukuhlanganisa izinguquko zibe main.

• Qhafaza Confirm merge. Uzothola umlayezo wokuthi isicelo sihlanganiswe ngempumelelo futhi isicelo sivaliwe.
• Qhafaza Delete branch. Manje lokho kwakho richiesta pull ihlanganisiwe futhi izinguquko zakho zisebenza ngokuyinhloko, ungasusa ngokuphephile igatsha first-branch. Uma ufuna ukwenza izinguquko ezengeziwe kuphrojekthi yakho, ungakwazi njalo ukwakha igatsha elisha bese uphinda le nqubo.

Ercole Palmeri