Uhlaselo lweCyber: yintoni, lusebenza njani, injongo kunye nendlela yokuthintela: I-Malware

Uhlaselo lwe-cyber lu defii-nible njengomsebenzi ochasayo ngokuchasene nenkqubo, isixhobo, isicelo okanye into enecandelo lekhompyutha. Ngumsebenzi ojolise ekufumaneni inzuzo kumhlaseli ngeendleko zokuhlaselwa. Namhlanje sihlalutya uhlaselo lweMalware

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zohlaselo lwe-cyber, olwahluka ngokweenjongo ekufuneka ziphunyezwe kunye neemeko zetekhnoloji kunye neemeko:

• ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber ukuthintela inkqubo ekusebenzeni, 
• loo nto yalatha ekuhleni kwenkqubo, 
• olunye uhlaselo lujolise kwidatha yomntu eyeyenkqubo okanye inkampani,
• uhlaselo lwe-cyber-activism ukuxhasa izizathu okanye ulwazi kunye namaphulo onxibelelwano
• etc ...

Phakathi kohlaselo oluqhelekileyo, kumaxesha akutshanje, kukho ukuhlaselwa kweenjongo zoqoqosho kunye nokuhlaselwa kokuhamba kwedatha. Emva kokuhlalutya i Indoda eseMbindini kwiveki ephelileyo, namhlanje sibona iMalware. 

Abo benza uhlaselo lwe-cyber, bodwa okanye ngokwamaqela, bayabizwa Hacker

Uhlaselo lweMalware

I-Malware inokuchazwa njengesoftware engafunekiyo efakwa kwisixokelelwano sakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Inokuzincamathela kwikhowudi esemthethweni kwaye isasaze; ingenza indlwane kwizicelo eziluncedo okanye iziphindaphinde kuyo yonke i-Intanethi. 

Ukuba uhlaselwe kwaye ufuna ukubuyisela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, okanye ukuba ufuna ukubona ngokucacileyo kwaye uqonde ngcono, okanye ufuna ukuthintela: sibhalele apha rda@hrcsrl.it. 

Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zohlaselo lwe-malware:

Virus

Intsholongwane yikhowudi elayisha kwindawo yakho okanye kwikhompyuter ngaphandle kokwazi. Iyaphindaphinda kwaye isasazeke ngokulula ngokusulela yonke into efika ngaphakathi koluhlu kwaye inokudluliselwa ngaphandle ngaphandle nge-imeyile, umzekelo, okanye ngokufihla kwiLizwi okanye ifayile ye-Excel nge-macros. Kukho iindidi ezininzi zeentsholongwane:

• I intsholongwane enkulu bazincamathele kulandelelwano lokuqalisa lwesicelo. Xa isicelo sivulwa, intsholongwane yenza imiyalelo phambi kokuba igqithise ulawulo kwisicelo. Le ntsholongwane iyaziphindaphinda kwaye incamathele kwenye ikhowudi ekwinkqubo yekhompyutha.
• I ifayile eyosulela iintsholongwane bahlala bezincamathele kwikhowudi ephunyeziweyo, njengeefayile ze.exe. Intsholongwane ifakwe xa ikhowudi ilayishiwe. Olunye uguqulelo lwefayile ye-infector ihambelana nefayile ngokudala ifayile yentsholongwane enegama elifanayo, kodwa nge-extension .exe. Ngoko ke, xa ifayile ivuliwe, ikhowudi yentsholongwane iyenziwa.
• Un intsholongwane yokuqalisa irekhodi incamathela kwirekhodi yokuqala kwi-hard drives. Xa inkqubo iqala, ijonga icandelo le-boot kwaye ilayishe intsholongwane kwimemori, apho inokusasazeka kwezinye iidiski kunye neekhompyuter.
• I iintsholongwane ze-polymorphic bazifihla kwimijikelo eyahlukeneyo yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo kunye nokuqhawuka. Intsholongwane efihliweyo kunye ne-injini yokuguqula ehambelana nayo ikhutshiwe ekuqaleni ngenkqubo yokuguqulelwa kwekhowudi. Intsholongwane iqhubela phambili ukosulela indawo yekhowudi. I-injini yokuguqula emva koko iphuhlisa indlela entsha yokucima, kwaye intsholongwane ifihla i-injini yokuguqula kunye nekopi yentsholongwane kunye ne-algorithm ehambelana nenkqubo entsha yokuqhawula. Iphakheji efihliweyo ye-injini yokuguqula kunye nentsholongwane iqhotyoshelwe kwikhowudi entsha, kwaye inkqubo iyaphinda. Ezo ntsholongwane kunzima ukuzibhaqa, kodwa zinenqanaba eliphezulu le-entropy ngenxa yohlengahlengiso oluninzi lwekhowudi yazo yomthombo. Isoftware yeAntivirus inokusebenzisa eli nqaku ukuze izibhaqe.
• I iintsholongwane ezifihlakeleyo bathatha ulawulo lwemisebenzi yenkqubo ukufihla. Benza oku ngokubeka esichengeni isoftware yokubona i-malware ukuze isoftware ixele indawo eyosulelekileyo njengengosulelekiyo. Ezi ntsholongwane zonyusa ubungakanani befayile xa yosulelwa, kunye nokutshintsha umhla kunye nexesha apho ifayile igqityiwe ukulungiswa.

Ihashe leTrojan

Yikhowudi ekhohlakeleyo efihlwe ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ebonakala isemthethweni ekuhenda ukuba ukhuphele kwaye uyifake. Nje ukuba uyifakile, ikhowudi ekhohlakeleyo iyazityhila kwaye yenza umonakalo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ibizwa ngokuba yiTrojan Horse.

Ukongeza ekuqaliseni ukuhlaselwa kwenkqubo, iTrojan inokuvula i-backdoor enokuthi isetyenziswe ngabahlaseli. Ngokomzekelo, iTrojan inokucwangciswa ukuba ivule izibuko elinamanani aphezulu ukuze umhlaseli ayisebenzise ukuphulaphula aze enze uhlaselo.

Iifomo

Yisoftware exhaphaza imingxunya yokhuseleko okanye iibugs kwinkqubo yokusebenza ukuze iphindaphinde kwaye isasazeke kwezinye iikhompyuter. Ifana kakhulu nentsholongwane kunye nomahluko omkhulu wokuba iNtshulube iziphindaphinda kodwa ayizosuleli ezinye iifayile ngelixa iNtsholongwane isenza.

Iintshulube zisasazwa ngee-imeyile ezincamatheleyo; ukuvula uncamathiselo kuvula inkqubo yeentshulube. Ukuxhaphaza okuqhelekileyo kweentshulube kubandakanya ukuthumela ikopi yayo kumfowunelwa ngamnye kwidilesi ye-imeyile yekhompyuter eyosulelekileyo. Ukongeza ekuqhubeni umsebenzi okhohlakeleyo, intshulube esasazeka kwi-intanethi kwaye ilayisha kakhulu iiseva ze-imeyile inokubangela uhlaselo lokwaliwa kwenkonzo kwiinodi zenethiwekhi.

isaphetha

I-bug ayiyokhowudi ekhohlakeleyo nge-se nganye kodwa impazamo yeprogram ekhokelela kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesoftware okanye, okubi ngakumbi, ingasetyenziswa ukungena kwinkqubo okanye enye isoftware kwaye yonakalise okanye ibangele omnye umonakalo.

ransomware

I-Ransomware ngokusisiseko luhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-malware engosuleliyo iifayile okanye ikhompyuter kodwa ifihla zonke iifayile ezifumana kwikhompyuter okanye kwinethiwekhi okanye kwiidiski eziqhagamshelwe kwikhompyuter kwaye zifuna intlawulelo ukuze zifundeke kwakhona.

Ngelixa enye i-ransomware inokutshixa inkqubo ngendlela ekungenzima ukuba umntu onamava aphinde aphile, iinguqulelo eziphucuke ngakumbi nezidumileyo zale malware zisebenzisa ubuchule obubizwa ngokuba yi-cryptoviral extortion, efihla iifayile zexhoba ngendlela ezenza zingenzeki lula. ukufumana kwakhona ngaphandle kweqhosha lokufihla.

Unokuba nomdla kwiNdoda yethu kwisithuba esiphakathi

Spyware

Yisoftware ekhohlakeleyo ehlola oko umsebenzisi akwenzayo kwikhompyuter. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeSpyware ngokuxhomekeke kwinto abayenzayo kunye nerekhodi. Ilandelela yonke into oyenzayo ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho kwaye ithumele idatha kumsebenzisi okude. Inokukhuphela kwaye ifake ezinye iinkqubo ezinobungozi kwi-intanethi. I-Spyware isebenza njenge-adware, kodwa idla ngokuba yinkqubo eyahlukileyo efakwe ngokungazi xa ufaka esinye isicelo se-freeware.

Keylogger

I-keylogger yisoftware ephulaphulayo, efihliweyo kwikhompyuter, kwaye irekhoda zonke izitshixo ezichwetheziweyo ngumsebenzisi kwaye emva koko uzithumele kuye nabani na odla ngokufaka i-keylogger kwikhompyuter yakho. I-keylogger ayizifaki kodwa idla ngokufuna ungenelelo lomzimba kwikhompyuter ngumntu onomdla wokuhlola into eyenziwa ngumsebenzisi nokuba iipassword.

Adware

Ihlala ibonakalisa iintengiso ngokuqhubekayo kwikhompyuter yakho, ngokwesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwesikhangeli sakho, nto leyo kwiimeko ezininzi ezikhokelela ekubeni undwendwele iisayithi ezingakhuselekanga ezinokosulela ikhompyuter yakho.

Rootkit okanye iRAT

I-Rat imele iZixhobo zoFikelelo olukude kwaye yisoftware ekhohlakeleyo ezihlohlayo, ingabonakali, kwikhompyuter kwaye ivumela ukufikelela ngaphandle ukuya kwisaphuli-mthetho esisemsebenzini ukuze sikwazi ukulawula ngokupheleleyo ikhompyuter yakho. Kuyingozi kakhulu kungekuphela nje kuba inokwenza oko ikufunayo kwaye inokuba idatha eyifunayo, kodwa nangenxa yokuba inokusebenzisa ikhomputha yakho ukwenza uhlaselo olujoliswe kuyo kwezinye iiseva okanye iikhompyuter ngaphandle kokuqaphela.

Icango langasemva

I-backdoor ayiyonyani i-malware okanye ikhowudi ekhohlakeleyo kodwa isoftware ethi, mhlawumbi, yenza enye into kwaye, ngabom okanye ngempazamo, iqulethe "umnyango" ovulekileyo ovumela abo bayaziyo ukuba bangene kwaye benze izinto ezingathandekiyo. I-backdoor inokuba kwisoftware okanye nakwi-firmware yesixhobo kwaye ngale nto kunokwenzeka ukuba ungene kwaye ube nokufikelela kuyo yonke into.

Ngokuqinisekileyo olu ayiloluhlu olupheleleyo kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo lubandakanya zonke iintlobo eziphambili ze-malware onokudibana nazo namhlanje. Ngokuqinisekileyo abanye baya kuphuma, abaphuli-mthetho baya kufunda abanye kodwa baya kuhlala beba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwezi ntlobo.

Ukuba uhlaselwe kwaye ufuna ukubuyisela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, okanye ukuba ufuna ukubona ngokucacileyo kwaye uqonde ngcono, okanye ufuna ukuthintela: sibhalele apha rda@hrcsrl.it. 

Unokuba nomdla kwiNdoda yethu kwisithuba esiphakathi

UThintelo lweMalware

Ngelixa uhlaselo lweMalware lunokuba yingozi kakhulu, unokwenza okuninzi ukukuthintela ngokunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokugcina idatha yakho, imali kunye… isidima sikhuselekile.

Fumana i-antivirus elungileyo

Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ufumane isoftware ye-antivirus esebenzayo nethembekileyo
Ukuba ibhajethi yakho iqinile, unokufumana uninzi lwe-antivirus yasimahla kwi-Intanethi

UVAVANYO LOKHUSELEKO

Yinkqubo esisiseko yokulinganisa inqanaba langoku lokhuseleko lwenkampani yakho.
Ukwenza oku kuyimfuneko ukubandakanya iQela le-Cyber ​​​​elilungiselelwe ngokwaneleyo, elikwaziyo ukwenza uhlalutyo lwelizwe apho inkampani izifumana khona malunga nokhuseleko lwe-IT.
Uhlalutyo lunokwenziwa ngokuhambelanayo, ngodliwano-ndlebe olwenziwa yi-Cyber ​​​​Team okanye
kwakhona asynchronous, ngokuzalisa iphepha lemibuzo kwi-intanethi.

Sinokukunceda, uqhagamshelane neengcali ze-HRC srl ngokubhalela ku-rda@hrcsrl.it.

ULWAZI NGOKHUSELEKO: yazi utshaba

Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yohlaselo lwe-hacker luqala ngesenzo sabasebenzi.
Ukwazisa sisixhobo sokuqala sokulwa umngcipheko we-cyber.

Yile ndlela esenza ngayo "Ukwazisa", sinokukunceda, qhagamshelana neengcali ze-HRC srl ngokubhalela ku-rda@hrcsrl.it.

UKUFUMANA OKULAWULWAYO & NEMPENDULO (MDR): ukhuseleko olusebenzayo lwesiphelo

Idatha yenkampani inexabiso elikhulu kubaphuli-mthetho be-cyber, yiyo loo nto isiphelo kunye neeseva zijolise. Kunzima kwizisombululo zokhuseleko zemveli ukulwa nezoyikiso ezivelayo. I-Cybercriminals idlula ukhuselo lwe-antivirus, ithatha ithuba lokungakwazi kwamaqela e-IT ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawula imicimbi yokhuseleko ubusuku nemini.

Nge-MDR yethu sinokukunceda, qhagamshelana neengcali ze-HRC srl ngokubhalela ku-rda@hrcsrl.it.

I-MDR yinkqubo ekrelekrele ebeka iliso kwi-traffic network kwaye yenza uhlalutyo lokuziphatha
inkqubo yokusebenza, ukuchonga umsebenzi okrokrelekayo nongafunwayo.
Olu lwazi lugqithiselwa kwi-SOC (iZiko lokuSebenza ngoKhuseleko), ilabhoratri ephethwe ngu
abahlalutyi be-cybersecurity, bephethe izatifikethi eziphambili ze-cybersecurity.
Kwimeko ye-anomaly, i-SOC, kunye nenkonzo elawulwayo ye-24 / 7, inokungenelela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo obunzima, ukusuka ekuthumeleni i-imeyile yesilumkiso ukuhlukanisa umxhasi kwinethiwekhi.
Oku kuya kunceda ukuvala izoyikiso ezinokubakho kwi-bud kwaye uphephe umonakalo ongenakulungiseka.

UKHUSELEKO WEWEBHU: uhlalutyo lweWEBHU EMNYAMA

Iwebhu emnyama ibhekisa kwimixholo yeWebhu eBanzi yeHlabathi kwii-darknets ezinokufikelelwa nge-Intanethi ngesoftware ethile, uqwalaselo kunye nofikelelo.
Ngokubeka iliso kwiWebhu yethu yoKhuseleko siyakwazi ukuthintela kwaye siqulathe uhlaselo lwe-cyber, ukuqala kuhlalutyo lwesizinda senkampani (umzekelo: ilwebcreativo.it ) kunye needilesi ze-imeyile zomntu ngamnye.

Qhagamshelana nathi ngokubhalela ku-rda@hrcsrl.it, sinokulungiselela isicwangciso sokulungisa ukwahlula isoyikiso, ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo, kunye defisithatha amanyathelo okulungisa ayimfuneko. Inkonzo inikezelwa 24/XNUMX ukusuka eItali

I-CYBERDRIVE: isicelo esikhuselekileyo sokwabelana kunye nokuhlela iifayile

I-CyberDrive ngumphathi wefayile yelifu enemigangatho ephezulu yokhuseleko enkosi ngoguqulelo oluzimeleyo lwazo zonke iifayile. Qinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha yenkampani ngelixa usebenza efini kunye nokwabelana kunye nokuhlela amaxwebhu nabanye abasebenzisi. Ukuba unxibelelwano lulahlekile, akukho datha igcinwa kwiPC yomsebenzisi. I-CyberDrive ikhusela ukuba iifayile zingalahleki ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwe ngengozi okanye ukukhutshwa ngenxa yobusela, nokuba yeyomzimba okanye yedijithali.

«THE CUBE»: isisombululo revolution

Eyona incinci kwaye inamandla kwibhokisi yedatha yedatha enikezela amandla ekhompyuter kunye nokhuseleko kumonakalo womzimba kunye nonengqondo. Yenzelwe ukulawulwa kwedatha kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo kunye ne-robo, iindawo zokuthengisa, iiofisi zengcali, iiofisi ezikude kunye namashishini amancinci apho indawo, iindleko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kubalulekile. Ayifuni amaziko edatha kunye neekhabhinethi ze-rack. Inokuthi ibekwe kulo naluphi na uhlobo lokusingqongileyo ngenxa yempembelelo ye-aesthetics ngokuhambelana neendawo zokusebenza. «ICube» ibeka ubuchwepheshe besoftware yeshishini kwinkonzo yamashishini amancinci naphakathi.

Qhagamshelana nathi ngokubhalela ku-rda@hrcsrl.it.

Unokuba nomdla kwiNdoda yethu kwisithuba esiphakathi

Ercole Palmeri: Innovation likhoboka

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