Yintoni inkqubo egqithisileyo (XP)?, yeyiphi inqobo esekwe kuyo, imigaqo kunye nezenzo

Uqhelene nenkqubo, kodwa i-Extreme Programming (XP ngokufutshane) iseyimfihlakalo kuwe.

Ungavumeli igama likubeke phantsi, usengozini yokuphulukana nolwazi oluluncedo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kugubungela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga neNkqubo eQinisayo ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisela inzuzo yakho.

Yintoni inkqubo egqithisileyo (XP)?

Inkqubo egqithisileyo yindlela yophuhliso lwesoftware eyinxalenye yento eyaziwa ngokuba ziindlela eziguquguqukayo. I-XP yakhelwe kumaxabiso, imigaqo kunye nezenzo kwaye injongo yayo kukuvumela amaqela amancinci naphakathi ukuba avelise isoftware ekumgangatho ophezulu kwaye aqhelane neemfuno eziguqukayo neziguqukayo.

Yintoni eyahlula i-XP kwezinye iindlela ze-agile kukuba i-XP igxininisa imiba yobugcisa yophuhliso lwesoftware. Inkqubo egqithisileyo ichanekile malunga nendlela iinjineli ezisebenza ngayo njengokulandela iinkqubo zobunjineli zivumela amaqela ukuba anike ikhowudi yomgangatho ophezulu ngesantya esizinzileyo.

Ukwenziwa kweenkqubo okugqithisileyo, ngamafutshane, izenzo ezilungileyo zithathwe ngokugqithisileyo. Kuba udweliso lwenkqubo ngababini lulungile, masiyenze ngalo lonke ixesha. Kuba ukuvavanywa kwangaphambili kulungile, sivavanya ngaphambi kokuba ikhowudi yemveliso ibhalwe.

Isebenza njani inkqubo egqithisileyo (XP)?

I-XP, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela, isekelwe kumaxabiso kunye nemigaqo ebalulekileyo nefanelekileyo, ngokwemigaqo yobunjineli.

Iinqobo zokuziphatha zinika injongo kumaqela. Benza njenge "nkwenkwezi yasenyakatho" ukukhokela izigqibo zakho kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, amaxabiso anqabile kwaye anqabile kakhulu kwisikhokelo esithile. Umzekelo: Ukuthi uluxabisile unxibelelwano kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Uqheliselo, ngandlel’ ithile, luchasene nemilinganiselo. Zikhonkrithi kwaye ziphantsi emhlabeni, defiukuseta iinkcukacha zento omawuyenze. Uqheliselo lunceda amaqela ukuba aziphendulele ngexabiso. Umzekelo, ukwenziwa kweendawo zokusebenza zolwazi kukhuthaza unxibelelwano olucacileyo nolulula.

Imigaqo yimigaqo ethe ngqo evala umsantsa phakathi kweendlela zokuziphatha kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni.

Amaxabiso eNkqubo yeXP egqithisileyo

Amaxabiso e-XP: unxibelelwano, ukulula, impendulo, isibindi kunye nentlonipho. Makhe sijonge nganye kuzo ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi.

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unxibelelwano: Ukunqongophala konxibelelwano kuthintela ulwazi ekuhambeni phakathi kweqela. Ngokufuthi, xa kukho ingxaki, ubani sele eyazi indlela yokuyilungisa. Kodwa ukungabikho konxibelelwano kuyabathintela ekufundeni ngale ngxaki okanye ekubeni negalelo kwisicombululo sayo. Ngaloo ndlela, ingxaki iphelela ekubeni isonjululwe kabini, ivelisa inkunkuma.

Ubulula: Ukulula kuthetha ukuba usoloko uzama ukwenza eyona nto ilula isebenzayo. Ihlala ingaqondwa kakuhle kwaye ithathwa njengeyona nto ilula, ixesha, ukungahoywa kwenxalenye "esebenzayo".

Kukwabalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ubulula bunemeko ephezulu. Yintoni elula kwiqela elinye inzima kwelinye kwaye ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwizakhono, amava kunye nolwazi lweqela ngalinye.

ingxelo: Ingxelo kwiindlela zesiNtu, iindlela zophuhliso lwesoftware zihlala “zincinci kakhulu, zishiywe lixesha”.

I-XP, nangona kunjalo, ilwamkela utshintsho kwaye amaqela e-XP alwela ukufumana ingxelo ngexesha kunye nengxelo eqhubekayo. Ukuba ulungiso lwekhosi luyafuneka, i-Xpers ifuna ukwazi ngokukhawuleza.

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Ingxelo iza kwiimilo ezininzi kunye nobukhulu. Xa usebenzisana nenkqubo, izimvo ezivela kumlingane wakho ziyimpendulo ebalulekileyo. Kukwanjalo ke nezimvo zamalungu eqela malunga nombono, kubandakanywa umthengi othi, ngokufanelekileyo, abe lilungu leqela.

Uvavanyo ngomnye umthombo wengxelo enexabiso ehamba ngaphaya kweziphumo zovavanyo. Ingaba ukubhala iimvavanyo kulula okanye kunzima, kunjalo nangempendulo. Ukuba unengxaki yokubhala iimvavanyo, iprojekthi yakho mhlawumbi intsonkothile kakhulu. Mamela ingxelo kwaye ulungelelanise uyilo lwakho.

Into evakala ngathi yingcinga entle isenokungasebenzi kakuhle xa isenziwa. Ke, ikhowudi egqityiweyo ikwangumthombo wengxelo, njengemveliso esasaziweyo.

Ekugqibeleni, khumbula ukuba kukho impendulo eninzi kakhulu. Ukuba iqela livelisa ingxelo eninzi kunokuba linokusingatha, impendulo ebalulekileyo inokuwa kwi-radar. Ke kubalulekile ukucotha kwaye ufumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela ingxelo engaphezulu kwaye uyilungise.

Isibindi: Kent Beck defiisibindi sivela "njengesenzo esisebenzayo ebusweni boloyiko". Njengenjineli yesoftware, unoloyiko oluninzi kwaye ke maninzi amathuba okubonisa isibindi.

Kufuneka inkalipho ukuze uthethe inyaniso, ingakumbi ezo zingathandekiyo, njengoqikelelo olunyanisekileyo. Ukunika nokufumana ingxelo nako kufuna isibindi. Kwaye kufuna inkalipho ukunqanda ukuwela kwilahleko yeendleko kunye nokulahla isisombululo esisilelayo esifumene utyalo-mali olukhulu.

Intlonipho: Isiseko esisisiseko seXP kukuba wonke umntu uwukhathalele umsebenzi wakhe. Akukho xabiso lokugqwesa kwezobugcisa kunokusindisa iprojekthi ukuba akukho nkathalo kunye nentlonipho.

Wonke umntu ufanelwe sisidima nentlonipho, kwaye oko kubandakanya, ngokuqinisekileyo, abantu ababandakanyekayo kwiprojekthi yophuhliso lwesoftware. Xa wena kunye namalungu eqela lakho nihloniphana kwaye nikhathalelana, umxhasi, iprojekthi kunye nabasebenzisi bayo bexesha elizayo, wonke umntu uyazuza

IMigaqo ye-XP yeNkqubo eNtsha

Imigaqo inika isikhokelo esithe ngqo ngakumbi kunemilinganiselo. Zizikhokelo ezikhanyisa amaxabiso kwaye ziwenze acace ngakumbi kwaye angacaci.

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Ngokomzekelo, ngokusekelwe kukubaluleka kwenkalipho kuphela, usenokugqiba kwelokuba kububulumko ukwenza utshintsho olukhulu kucwangciso lwakho ngoko nangoko. Nangona kunjalo, umgaqo we-Baby Steps usixelela ukuba utshintsho olukhulu luyingozi. Ngoko ke, khetha ezincinci endaweni yoko.

Ubanità: Abantu benzela abantu isoftware, nto leyo edla ngokungahoywa. Kodwa ukuqwalasela iimfuno ezisisiseko zomntu, amandla kunye nobuthathaka kudala iimveliso ezifunwa ngabantu. Yaye indawo yokusebenza ekunika ithuba lokwaneliseka nokukhula, imvakalelo yokuziva ungowabanye nonqabiseko olusisiseko, yindawo apho uqwalasela ngokulula iimfuno zabanye.

Economics: Kwi-XP, amaqela ahlala enikela ingqalelo kwiinyani zezoqoqosho zophuhliso lwesoftware, ahlala evavanya imingcipheko yezoqoqosho kunye neemfuno zeprojekthi.

Ngokomzekelo, baya kuphumeza amabali abasebenzisi ngokusekelwe kwixabiso labo loshishino kunokuba iinkxalabo zobugcisa.

Inzuzo efanayo: Emva kwe-XP, uphepha izisombululo ezinceda elinye iqela ngeendleko zelinye. Umzekelo, iispecs ezongeziweyo zinokunceda omnye umntu ukuba aziqonde, kodwa ziyakuphazamisa ekuziphumezeni kwaye zilibazise kubasebenzisi bakho.

Isisombululo esiluncedo ngokufanayo kukusebenzisa iimvavanyo zokwamkelwa ezizenzekelayo. Fumana impendulo ngoko nangoko ekuphunyezweni kwakho, oontanga bakho bafumana iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo kwikhowudi, kwaye abasebenzisi bafumana iimpawu zabo kuqala. Kwaye, nonke niya kuba nenetha yokhuseleko ngokuchasene nokuhlehla.

Inzuzo (iNzuzo efanayo): Ukuba isisombululo esinikiweyo sisebenza kwinqanaba elinye, sinokusebenza kwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye elingaphantsi. Umzekelo, ukufumana ingxelo kwangethuba kwaye rhoqo kusemngciphekweni wokwahluka ngokwemigangatho kwi-XP.

• kwinqanaba lomphuhlisi, abadwelisi beprogram bafumana impendulo kumsebenzi wabo usebenzisa indlela yokuvavanya kuqala;
• kwinqanaba leqela, umbhobho wokudibanisa oqhubekayo udibanisa, uyakha, kwaye uvavanya ikhowudi ngamaxesha amaninzi ngosuku;
• Ngokombutho, umjikelo weveki nekota uvumela amaqela ukuba afumane ingxelo kwaye aphucule umsebenzi wawo njengoko kufuneka.

Uphuculo: Ngokomgaqo wokuphucula, amaqela awajoli kwimfezeko ekuphunyezweni kokuqala, kodwa ukuphumeza okulungileyo ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ukufunda nokuphucula ngempendulo evela kubasebenzisi bokwenene.

Ukwahluka: Wena kunye noogxa bakho niyazuza kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo, izakhono kunye nezimo zengqondo. Ukwahlukana okunjalo kudla ngokukhokelela kwingxabano, kodwa oko kulungile.

Ingxabano kunye nokungavisisani ngamathuba eembono ezingcono zokuvela xa wonke umntu edlala ngemilinganiselo yenkalipho nentlonipho. Isibindi sokuvakalisa iimbono eziphikisanayo, intlonipho ekuzivakaliseni ngendlela yobuntu kunye novelwano. Kwaye konke oku kungumsebenzi wonxibelelwano olusebenzayo.

Ukucingisisa: Amaqela amakhulu abonakalisa umsebenzi wawo kwaye ahlalutye indlela yokuba ngcono. XP inika amathuba amaninzi oku. Hayi nje kwimijikelo yayo yeveki nangekota, kodwa kuzo zonke izenzo iyakhuthaza.

Iimvakalelo zibalulekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe ukongeza kuhlalutyo olunengqiqo. Amathumbu akho anokwazisa ngaphambi kokuba uqiqe ngayo nantoni na. Kwaye ke unokuthetha nabantu abangengobuchwephesha, banokubuza imibuzo evula amathuba amatsha ngokupheleleyo.

IFlusso: Iindlela zemveli zophuhliso lwesoftware zinezigaba ezahlukileyo, ezihlala ixesha elide kwaye zinethuba elincinane lengxelo kunye nolungiso lwezifundo. Endaweni yoko, uphuhliso lwesoftware kwi-XP lwenzeka kwimisebenzi eqhubekayo, "kwindlela" engaguqukiyo yexabiso.

Ithuba: Iingxaki azinakuphepheka kuphuhliso lwesoftware. Nangona kunjalo, yonke ingxaki lithuba lokuphucula. Funda ukuzijonga ngolu hlobo kwaye unethuba elikhulu lokuza nezisombululo zokuyila nezijolise kwiinjongo ezikwasebenza ukuthintela ukuba zingenzeki kwakhona.

Ukungafuneki: Umgaqo wokungafuneki umsebenzi uthi ukuba ingxaki enikiweyo ibalulekile, kufuneka usebenzise iindlela ezininzi zokuyichasa.

Thatha iziphene. Akukho qhinga elinye elinokuthintela zonke iziphene ukuba zingaphumi kwimveliso.

Ngoko isisombululo se-XP kukubeka isethi yemilinganiselo yomgangatho. Ukucwangcisa inkqubo, uvavanyo, ukudibanisa okuqhubekayo. Umgca ngamnye wokhuselo, kunye nodonga olungangenekiyo.

Ukusilela: ukungaphumeleli akuyiyo inkunkuma xa iguqulela kulwazi. Ukuthatha inyathelo kunye nokufunda ngokukhawuleza into engasebenziyo kunemveliso ngakumbi kunokungasebenzi okubangelwa kukungazinzi ekukhetheni phakathi kweenketho ezininzi.

Umgangatho: Abantu bahlala becinga ukuba kukho ingxaki phakathi komgangatho kunye nesantya.

Yenye indlela: ukutyhala ukuphucula umgangatho kuko okukwenza ukuba uhambe ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaziya-ukutshintsha isakhiwo sekhowudi ngaphandle kokutshintsha ukuziphatha kwayo-yinto eyenza ikhowudi ibe lula ukuyiqonda nokutshintsha. Ngenxa yoko, awufane wazise iziphene zekhowudi, ezikuvumela ukuba unikezele ngexabiso elingaphezulu kuqala ngokungalungiseki iimpazamo.

Amanyathelo amancinci: Utshintsho olukhulu luyingozi. I-XP inciphisa loo mngcipheko ngokwenza utshintsho kumanyathelo amancinci, kwinqanaba ngalinye.

Abadwelisi beprogram babhala ikhowudi kumanyathelo amancinci usebenzisa uphuhliso oluqhutywa luvavanyo. Badibanisa ikhowudi yabo kumgca ongundoqo amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, endaweni yeeveki nje ezimbalwa okanye iinyanga. Iprojekthi ngokwayo yenzeka ngemijikelo emifutshane kunezigaba ezihlala ixesha elide.

Uxanduva lwamkelwe: Kwi-XP, uxanduva kufuneka lwamkelwe, aluze lwabelwe.

Uxanduva lokuphendula kufuneka luze kunye negunya lokwenza izigqibo malunga nokuba uxanduva lwakho. Okuchaseneyo nako kuyinyaniso. Awufuni ukuba abantu benze izigqibo ukuba akufuneki baphile neziphumo zabo.

Ukufana kunye noMahluko kunye neendlela zendabuko kunye nezingaguqukiyo

Inkqubo egqithisileyo, ukuba yindlela edala, inokwamkelwa kwaye iqalwe ukuyamkela ngaphandle kokulandela izicwangciso eziqinileyo. Olu luyilo oluphindaphindayo kuneprojekthi enkulu yokuqala.

I-XP yohluke kakhulu kwiindlela zemveli, oko kukuthi i-cascading, ukuphepha izigaba ezihlala ixesha elide.

• Endaweni yesigaba sokucwangcisa, kwi-XP ucwangcisa ekuqaleni komjikelo wophuhliso ngamnye odla ngokuba yiveki kuphela.
• Endaweni yokuvavanya iziqendu, vavanya isicelo sakho kwangoko: oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba ikhowudi yokwenyani iphunyezwe.
• Endaweni yokukhupha iimpawu zodwa ngexesha lezigaba zomiliselo olude kwaye ulwele ukudibanisa igalelo lakho kumgca ongundoqo, usebenza kwiziqwengana ezincinci kwaye uzidibanise rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Yahluke njani i-XP kwezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo?

Udweliso lwenkqubo olugqithisileyo, ngokwendalo yalo, lunezinto ezininzi ezifanayo nezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo kodwa zahlukile phakathi kwazo.

Uninzi lwezinye iindlela zophuhliso azithethi kakhulu, ukuba kukho nantoni na, malunga nokuba wenziwe njani umsebenzi. I-XP, kwelinye icala, inoluvo olukhulu xa isiza koku kwaye ibeka ugxininiso olukhulu kwiinkqubo zobunjineli besoftware.

UkuCwangcisa okuBabekileyo ngokuchasene neSkram

Isikram sisikhokelo sokunceda amaqela aphuhlise iiprojekthi ezinzima ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo. Isikram asiyaleli ukuba abaphuhlisi bawenza njani umsebenzi wabo. I-XP, njengoko kukhankanyiwe, ibeka ugxininiso oluninzi kwiinkqubo ezilungileyo zokucwangcisa.

nokubhalwa BlogInnovazione.xh Umfanekiso izisombululo zenetha

Kwakhona, i-XP ngokucacileyo imalunga nenkqubo. Isikram, kwelinye icala, sinokusetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi exhamlayo kwindlela yokuphindaphinda.

XP yamkela utshintsho kumacandelo ayo. Amaqela axhotyisiwe kwaye ade akhuthazwe ukuba aguqule iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zabo ezithile. ISikhokelo seSkram, kwelinye icala, simi ngelithi “Nangona kuphela iindawo zeSkram ezinokuphunyezwa, isiphumo ayisoSkram”.

Kwakhona, iSkram sisikhokelo ekufuneka sixhaswe ngeendlela kunye nezenzo ukuze umsebenzi wenziwe.

Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenza kwiprogram egqithileyo kwaye iScrum kuyacetyiswa kakhulu.

Iindima kunye noxanduva

NgokukaKent Beck, iqela le-XP eliqolileyo akufuneki linike iindima ezingqongqo, kodwa qaphela ukuba iindima zinokuba luncedo kumaqela asakhasayo de aqalise ukucotha okanye enze intsebenziswano ibenzima.

Makhe sijonge ezinye iindima eziphambili:

• Umthengi: Ngokufanelekileyo, umthengi kufuneka abe kwindawo yokuphendula imibuzo, ukubeka phambili iimfuno zabasebenzisi, okanye ukuncedisa ngovavanyo lokwamkelwa. Xa oku kungenakwenzeka, le ndima inokuzaliswa ngummeli wabathengi.
• Abadwelisi beenkqubo: Kwiqela le-XP, abadwelisi benkqubo baqikelela umzamo ofunekayo ukugqiba imisebenzi, ukubhala iimvavanyo ezizenzekelayo, kunye nokuphumeza amabali.
• Coach: akuyimfuneko ukuba nomqeqeshi kwaye kunokwenzeka ukufikelela kwinjongo ngaphandle kokuba nomnye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nomntu onamava e-XP, ukuqeqesha iqela kunokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu eqela alandela izenzo, aziguqule zibe yimikhwa, kwaye angabuyeli kwiindlela zakudala.
• Tracker-Umkhondo ulandelela iqela leemethrikhi zenkqubela kunye neentetho kwilungu ngalinye leqela ukuchonga imiba kunye nokufumana izisombululo. Umkhondo ubala iimethrikhi ezibonisa ukuba iqela lenza kakuhle kangakanani, njengesantya kunye neegrafu zokutshisa, okanye iqela lisebenzisa iskram sedijithali okanye ibhodi ye-kanban ebala ngokuzenzekelayo.

Iindlela kunye nobuchule

Ezi ziinkqubo ezamkelwa kwiXP. Bahlulwe ngamaqela amathathu aphambili: ubunjineli besoftware, indawo yokusebenza kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi.

Ubunjineli beSoftware

Dibanisa inkqubo: Kwi-XP, ubhala ikhowudi ngababini ehleli kumatshini. Wena nesibini sakho nithetha omnye komnye njengoko nihlalutya, niphumeza, kwaye nivavanya inqaku enisebenza kulo. Udweliso lweenkqubo ezimbini lulungile ngakumbi ekuveliseni ikhowudi enezinambuzane ezimbalwa ngelixa usabandakanya, uyonwabisa, kwaye udinwa.

Umda wemizuzu elishumi: Okufunekayo Ivumela imizuzu eyi-10 ukwakha yonke iprojekthi, kuquka ukuqhuba zonke iimvavanyo ezizenzekelayo, kwimizuzu elishumi ubuninzi. Lo mda kukugcina uvavanyo lulungelelaniswa kwaye lusebenza.

Iimvavanyo phambi kweprogram: sebenzisa iimpawu usebenzisa indlela yovavanyo lokuqala, ebizwa ngokuba uphuhliso oluqhutywa luvavanyo (TDD). I-TDD iqulathe uphuhliso kusetyenziswa inkqubo elula yokuphindaphinda:

• bhala ikhowudi emva kokuba uvavanyo lungaphumeleli;
• ke, bhala ikhowudi yemveliso ukuphumelela uvavanyo;
• ukuba kuyimfuneko, hlaziya ikhowudi yakho yemveliso ukuyenza icoceke kwaye kube lula ukuyiqonda.

I-TDD izisa iinzuzo ezininzi.

Okokuqala, impendulo. Ukuba kunzima ukubhala uvavanyo, uyilo olukhangelayo okanye olufumene njengelifa mhlawumbi luntsonkothile kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ulwenze lube lula.

Okwesibini, i-TDD ivumela abadwelisi benkqubo ukuba bathembe ikhowudi abayibhalayo kwaye benze isingqisho esihle sokuhamba apho inyathelo elilandelayo lihlala licacile.

Okokugqibela kodwa kuncinci, ukusebenzisa i-TDD kwasekuqaleni kuqinisekisa ikhowudi ye-100%. I-suite yovavanyo ke ngokwenene ibe ngumnatha wokhuseleko wotshintsho lwexesha elizayo, ukukhuthaza ukuhlaziya ikhowudi kunye nokudala isangqa esilungileyo somgangatho.

Uyilo olongezelelekileyo: Ukuziqhelanisa noyilo olongezelelekileyo kuthetha ukuba kufuneka utyale imali kuyilo lwesicelo sakho yonke imihla, ujonge amathuba okususa ukuphindaphinda kwaye wenze uphuculo oluncinci ukufezekisa uyilo olungcono kakhulu lwento efunwa yinkqubo yakho namhlanje.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo: Kwi-XP, udibanisa umsebenzi wakho kwindawo yokugcina ekwabelwana ngayo amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, uvusa ulwakhiwo oluzenzekelayo lwenkqubo yonke. Ukudibanisa kwangethuba kwaye rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokudityaniswa njengoko kusenza udibaniso kunye neengxabano ezinengqiqo zingenzeki lula. Ikwabhentsisa imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye neziyobisi.

Ikhowudi ekwabelwana ngayo (ubunini obudibeneyo): I-XP ikhuthaza ikhowudi ekwabelwana ngayo, okanye ubunini obuhlangeneyo: umphuhlisi ngamnye unoxanduva kuyo yonke ikhowudi. Ikhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi, inciphisa into yebhasi yeqela kwaye inyuse umgangatho opheleleyo wemodyuli nganye ukuba siqwalasela umgaqo wokungafani.

IkhowudiBase enye: I-codebase enye yaziwa ngokuba "yi-trunk-based development". Kuthetha ukuba mnye kuphela umthombo wenyaniso. Ke endaweni yokuphuhla wedwa ixesha elide, dibanisa igalelo lakho libe ngumsinga omnye kwangoko kwaye rhoqo. Iimpawu zeflegi zinceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwakho kweempawu de zigqitywe.

Ukuhanjiswa kwemihla ngemihla: Ukusasazwa kwimveliso ubuncinane kanye ngosuku sisiphumo esinengqiqo yokuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo:. Ngapha koko, namhlanje, amaqela amaninzi ahamba ngakumbi kwaye aziqhelanise nokuphunyezwa ngokuqhubekayo. Oko kukuthi, nanini na umntu ejoyina i-mainline, isicelo sithunyelwa kwimveliso.

Ikhowudi kunye neemvavanyo: Esi senzo sithetha ukuba ikhowudi yomthombo, kubandakanywa iimvavanyo, kuphela kwe-artifact esisigxina yeprojekthi yesofthiwe. Ukubandakanyeka ekuveliseni ezinye iindidi zezinto zakudala, kuqukwa namaxwebhu, kudla ngokuba yinkcitho kuba ayivelisi xabiso lokwenene kumthengi.

Ukuba ufuna ezinye izinto zakudala okanye amaxwebhu, yenza umzamo wokuzivelisa kwikhowudi yemveliso kunye novavanyo.

Uhlalutyo lwengcambu yesizathu: Nanini na isiphene singena kwimveliso, musa ukulungisa nje isiphene. Qiniseka ukuba uyafumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangele oko kwasekuqaleni, kutheni wena kunye neqela lakho nisilele ukunqanda ukutyibilika. Emva koko, thatha amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba ayiphindi yenzeke.

Indawo yokusebenza

Hlalani kunye: Kwi-XP, amaqela akhetha ukusebenza kunye kwindawo evulekileyo. Lo mkhuba ukhuthaza unxibelelwano kunye nokuziva uyinxalenye yeqela.

Iqela lonke: Wonke umntu ofunekayo kwimpumelelo yeprojekthi yinxalenye yeqela le-XP. Oku kunomxholo ophezulu-yahlukile kwiqela ngalinye-kwaye kuyaguquguquka, kunokutshintsha ngaphakathi kweqela.

Iindawo zokusebenza zolwazi: Indawo yokusebenza yolwazi isebenzisa indawo ebonakalayo yeqela ukubonisa ulwazi oluvumela nabani na ukuba azi, ngokukrwaqula, inkqubela yeprojekthi. Oku kwenziwa njani kunokwahluka, ukusuka kumanqaku asemzimbeni kunye neegrafu ukuya kwizikrini ezibonisa iibhodi zeKanban kunye needeshbhodi ezivela kwisoftware yolawulo lweprojekthi.

Umsebenzi onikwe amandla: Kwi-XP, usebenza kuphela nje ukuba ungenza umsebenzi onamandla. Iiyure zokusebenza kufuneka zikhawulelwe kuma-40 ngeveki, ubuninzi.

Ulawulo lweprokjekthi

analysis- Bhala iimfuno zabasebenzisi ngendlela eyaziwa ngokuba luhlalutyo lomsebenzisi. Uhlalutyo lomsebenzisi lunegama elifutshane, elichazayo kunye nenkcazo emfutshane malunga noko kufuneka kuphunyezwe.

Musa: Xa uceba umjikelo, yongeza imisebenzi emincinane iqela elinokuyiyeka xa kuyimfuneko. Amabali amaninzi anokongezwa rhoqo ukuba iqela lihambisa kakhulu.

Imijikelezo (ngenyanga nangeveki): Uphuhliso kwi-XP lwenzeka kwimijikelo emibini ephambili: umjikelo weveki kunye nomjikelezo wenyanga.

Iintlanganiso, imijikelo, ukukhutshwa okucwangcisiweyo: Uphuhliso kwi-XP lusebenza kwimijikelo emibini ephambili: umjikelo weveki kunye nomjikelo wekota. Ekuqaleni, uKent Beck ucebise umjikelo weeveki ezimbini, kodwa watshintsha oko kuhlelo lwesibini lwencwadi yakhe.

Umjikelo weveki: umjikelo weveki yi "pulse" yeprojekthi ye-XP. Umjikelo uqala ngentlanganiso apho umxhasi ukhetha ukuba yeyiphi amabali afuna ukuyidala ngeveki. Ukongeza, iqela liphonononga umsebenzi walo, kubandakanya inkqubela phambili yeveki ephelileyo, kwaye licinga ngeendlela zokuphucula inkqubo yabo.

Umjikelo wenyanga: Nyanga zonke, iqela libonisa kwaye lichonge amathuba okuphucula kwinkqubo yabo. Umxhasi ukhetha umxholo omnye okanye ngaphezulu kuloo nyanga, kunye nohlalutyo kule mixholo.

Uqala njani ukusebenza ngenkqubo egqithisileyo?
Izakhono zobugcisa kunye nemikhwa ye-XP kunokuba nzima ukuyifunda. Ezinye zezenzo zinokubonakala zingaqhelekanga kubadwelisi benkqubo abangaziqhelanga.

Ercole Palmeri