Yintoni ifomathi yeVector yemifanekiso kwaye yeyantoni

Ukuba ukhe wasebenza ngemifanekiso uya kufumana isicelo somnye umfanekiso kwifomathi yevektha. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ngokwenene ukuba yintoni na kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeefayile zemifanekiso

Masiqale ngokwenza umahluko kwiindidi zemifanekiso yedijithali kwaye ke makhe sibone iimpawu zefomathi yevektha. Ngokusisiseko ezi zinokuba ziindidi ezimbini: i-raster okanye i-vector.

Imifanekiso yeRaster

Bathatha igama labo kwigama lesiNgesi elithi "raster" elithetha igridi. Ngapha koko, kwigrafiki ye-raster, okanye i-bitmaps, umfanekiso wenziwe ngegridi emile okwesikwere yamanqaku abizwa ngokuba zii-pixels.

Ipixel nganye inolwazi oluthile lombala oluthi xa ludibene ludale umfanekiso othile. Iprofayile yombala edla ngokusetyenziswa kwimifanekiso yebitmap yiRGB kuba yiprofayile esetyenziswa ngamakhadi emizobo yekhompyuter ukwenza umfanekiso ngokwawo esikrinini.

Eyona propati ibalulekileyo yomfanekiso we-raster sisisombululo, esinikezelwa ngamanani eepikseli eziqulethwe kwiyunithi ethile yokulinganisa. I-intshi yesiNgesi (2,54 cm) kunye ne-Dot Per Inch (DPI) ratio zisetyenziswa njengesiqhelo. Inani eliphakamileyo elinikwe ngulo mlinganiso, ukuphakama kwesisombululo somfanekiso kwaye ngoko umgangatho ofanayo.

Isisombululo se-300 dpi sithathwa njengomgangatho womgangatho wokushicilela okulungileyo, ngelixa i-72 dpi yanele ukuba izikrini zifumane umgangatho obonakalayo.

Ngokucacileyo ukunciphisa ubungakanani befoto kuya kwandisa isisombululo sayo, kunye nokwandisa kuya kuba nesisombululo esisezantsi sokufumana into ebizwa ngokuba yi-grainy effect, leyo apho izikwere ezizimeleyo zibonakala khona, njengakumfanekiso ongasentla komhlathi. .

Imifanekiso yeVector

Imizobo yeVektha yahluke kakhulu kwimizobo ye-raster, kwaye kunjalo nemifanekiso. Enyanisweni, isekelwe kwiimilo zejometri ezifana nemigca, amanqaku, iigophe kunye neepolygons ukuvelisa umfanekiso kunye neempawu ezithile zombala okanye iziphumo zibalelwa kule milo.

Ekubeni imifanekiso ye-vector yenziwe ngeemilo zejometri, kuyenzeka ukuba iyandiswe ngokungapheliyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa nasiphi na isisombululo kuba iimilo zejometri ezifanayo zineequation zemathematika kwisiseko.

Umahluko kwindawo ehlala kuyo idisk ngomnye umahluko osisiseko: enyanisweni, imifanekiso yeVector ithatha indawo encinci kuneye raster kuba ulwazi oluqulethwe kumfanekiso lusezantsi kakhulu, lwenza uhlengahlengiso lube lula ngakumbi.

Nangona kunjalo, inkalo engalunganga kukuba, ukuze ufumane imifanekiso ye-vector etyebileyo kumgangatho kunye neenkcukacha, ngokomzekelo kuyimfuneko ukwenza kwibala lemizobo ye-3D, oomatshini abanamandla kakhulu kunye nesofthiwe iyafuneka. Okanye ubuncinci kwimeko yangoku yeteknoloji.

Iinzuzo zomfanekiso wevector

Ifomathi ye-vector, xa kuthelekiswa ne-raster enye, ineenzuzo ezilandelayo:

Lo ngumzobo ngokungenasiphelo: njengoko kukhankanyiwe sisisombululo esizimeleyo; oku kuthetha iimilo ezenziwe ngokwemathematika zibalwe ngokutsha ngalo lonke ixesha usondeza okanye usondeza ngaphandle.
Imibala yeefayile zevector ihlelwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula; khetha nje imilo okanye umgca ukuze uhambe kwaye utshintshe umbala oye wabelwe kuwo, kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukutshintshela kwiprofayili yombala omnye ukuya kwenye, umzekelo ukusuka kwi-RGB ukuya kwiPantone.
Unokusebenza kolu hlobo lwemifanekiso ngokubona ngamehlo kuphela izitya ezisecaleni; ungavula nokuvala ngokulula izizaliso kuzo zonke izinto ezenza umfanekiso ukubonisa kuphela imiphetho. Olu luhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lokubonisa ngenxa yokuba ikuvumela ukuba uchonge izinto ezifihliweyo kwaye wenze kube lula ukuyila izikhokelo zezixhobo ezenza ukusika kunye nemifanekiso.

Iintlobo zeefayile zeVector

Imifanekiso yedijithali kwifomathi ye-vector ibonakaliswe nge izandiso ezithile kwaye ukuba kufuneka sisebenze ngolu hlobo lwemifanekiso masiqinisekise ukuba silugcinile olu hlobo lwefayile.

Iifomati zemifanekiso yevektha zibaluleke kakhulu zezi:

• AI - Adobe Illustrator, ifomathi eqhelekileyo ehambelana neenkqubo ze-Adobe suite.
• EPS -I-Ecapsulated PostScript, enye ifomathi eqhelekileyo yemifanekiso ye-vector ehambelana neenkqubo ezinkulu ezifana ne-Illustrator okanye i-Corel Draw.
• SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics, un nuovo formato adatto alle immagini vettoriali per la creazione di siti web.
• PDF -enye ifomathi ye-Adobe yokwabelana ngamaxwebhu, ikwavumela ukugcina imifanekiso ye-vector.

Ifayile yevektha isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Umahluko phakathi kweentlobo zemifanekiso emibini uthetha ukuba ifomathi nganye ifaneleke ngcono injongo ethile. Kule meko, iifayile ze-vector ngenxa yeempawu zazo, zininzi ilungele ukushicilelwa.

Okokuqala ziluncedo kakhulu kwi uyilo lobugcisa, umzekelo kwiCAD kunye nobunjineli.

Kodwa ikwayindlela exabisekileyo isetyenziswa ngabayili bemizobo ngenxa ukwenziwa kwelogo kunye nemizobo elungelelanisiweyo kuba ezi zizinto ezinokusetyenziswa zombini kwikhadi leshishini nakwibhilibhodi enkulu. Kodwa olu hlobo lwefomathi lufaneleke kakuhle kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi ukuba ishicilelwe kwiincwadana, iiflaya, iibhilibhodi okanye ii-icon zesoftware.

Ercole Palmeri