Ħolqien ta' App CRUD ma' Laravel u Vue.js

F'dan it-tutorja naraw flimkien kif niktbu l-kodiċi ta 'eżempju CRUD App, ma' Laravel u Vue.js.

La Applikazzjoni għal Paġna Singola se jippermettilna tlesti ċiklu ta 'operazzjonijiet bażiċi fuq DB: toħloq, aqra, taġġorna u ħassar ma Vue.js , Vue Routers u Qafas Laravel .

Illum il-ġurnata, l-oqfsa JS l-aktar popolari huma Angular JS u Vue JS. Angular JS u Vue JS huma oqfsa JS faċli ħafna u l-aktar popolari. Jipprovdi ġestjoni tal-proġett jew l-applikazzjoni kollha mingħajr ma jġedded il-paġna u validazzjoni qawwija jquery.

Vue tiġi ppakkjata minn qabel ma' Laravel (flimkien ma' Ħallat Laravel , għodda ta' awtorjar eċċellenti bbażata fuq webpack ) u tippermetti lill-iżviluppaturi biex jibdew jibnu applikazzjonijiet kumplessi ta’ paġna waħda mingħajr ma joqogħdu jinkwetaw dwar transpilers, pakketti ta’ kodiċi, mapep tas-sors jew aspetti oħra “maħmuġin” tal-iżvilupp ta’ frontend modern.

Rekwiżiti tas-server

7.4 Php

Laravel 8.x

MySQL

Installa l-proġett Laravel

L-ewwel, iftaħ Terminal u mexxi l-kmand li ġej biex toħloq proġett ġdid ta 'laravel:

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel crud-spa

jew, jekk installajt Laravel Installer bħala dipendenza globali tal-kompożitur:

laravel new crud-spa

Ikkonfigura d-dettalji tad-database:

Wara l-installazzjoni Mur fid-direttorju tal-għeruq tal-proġett tiegħek, iftaħ il-fajl .env u ssettja d-dettalji tad-database kif ġej:

DB_CONNECTION=mysql 
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 
DB_PORT=3306 
DB_DATABASE=<DATABASE NAME>
DB_USERNAME=<DATABASE USERNAME>
DB_PASSWORD=<DATABASE PASSWORD>

Installa dipendenzi npm

Mexxi l-kmand li ġej biex tinstalla d-dipendenzi front-end:

npm install

Wara dan, installa fehma ,  vue-router  e vue-axios . Vue-axios se jintuża biex isejjaħ l-API backend Laravel. Mexxi l-kmand li ġej fuq it-terminal:

npm install vue vue-router vue-axios --save

Oħloq migrazzjoni, mudell u kontrollur

Oħloq mudell ta’ kategorija, migrazzjoni u kontrollur. Mexxi l-kmand li ġej għal dan:

php artisan make:model Category -mcr

-mcr  dan is-suġġett se joħloq Mudell, Migrazzjoni u Kontrollur bl-użu ta 'sinteżi ta' kmand wieħed.

Issa, iftaħ il-fajl tal-migrazzjoni tal-kategorija minn databases / migrazzjoni u ibdel il-kodiċi fil-funzjoni up() :

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('categories', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->bigIncrements('id');
        $table->string('title');
        $table->text('description');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Emigra d-database billi tuża l-kmand li ġej:

php artisan migrate

Issa, iftaħ il-mudell Category.php minnapp/Models  u editja l-kodiċi fil-fajl model Category.php:

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Category extends Model {

   use HasFactory;

   protected $fillable = ['title','description'];

}

?>

Wara dan, tiftaħ CategoryController.php u żid il-kodiċi fl-indiċi, aħżen, aġġorna u ħassar il-metodi kif ġej:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Category;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class CategoryController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $categories = Category::all(['id','title','description']);
        return response()->json($categories);
    }

    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $category = Category::create($request->post());
        return response()->json([
            'message'=>'Category Created Successfully!!',
            'category'=>$category
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Category  $category
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function show(Category $category)
    {
        return response()->json($category);
    }

    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \App\Models\Category  $category
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function update(Request $request, Category $category)
    {
        $category->fill($request->post())->save();
        return response()->json([
            'message'=>'Category Updated Successfully!!',
            'category'=>$category
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Category  $category
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function destroy(Category $category)
    {
        $category->delete();
        return response()->json([
            'message'=>'Category Deleted Successfully!!'
        ]);
    }
}

Defispiċċa r-Rotot fil-web.php

Issa defilestihom routes fil-fajls web.php e api.php . Mur fil-folder routes u tiftaħ il-fajl web.php u api.php u aġġorna dan li ġej routes:

routes/web.php

<?php
 
Route::get('{any}', function () {
    return view('app');
})->where('any', '.*');

routes/api.php

<?php
 
Route::resource('category',App\Http\Controllers\CategoryController::class)->only(['index','store','show','update','destroy']);

Oħloq app Vue

F'dan il-pass, mur fid-direttorju riżorsa/veduti, oħloq il-fajl app.blade.php  u żid il-kodiċi li ġej għal app.blade.php:

<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ str_replace('_', '-', app()->getLocale()) }}">
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <meta name="csrf-token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}"/>
        <title>Laravel Vue CRUD App</title>
        <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Nunito:200,600" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.0-beta1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-giJF6kkoqNQ00vy+HMDP7azOuL0xtbfIcaT9wjKHr8RbDVddVHyTfAAsrekwKmP1" crossorigin="anonymous">
        <link href="{{ mix('css/app.css') }}" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
        </div>
        <script src="{{ mix('js/app.js') }}" type="text/javascript"></script>
    </body>
</html>

Oħloq komponent għall-app Vue

F'dan il-pass, mur fil-folder resource/js, oħloq il-folder components  u oħloq il-fajls kif ġej:

• View app
• Welcome.vue
• Category/List.vue
• Category/Add.vue
• Category/Edit.vue

app. vue  huwa l-fajl ewlieni tal-app Vue tagħna. Defise nispiċċaw router-veduta  f'dak il-fajl. Il-mogħdijiet kollha se jidhru fil-fajl app. vue  .

Iftaħ il-fajl Welcome.vue u aġġorna l-kodiċi li ġej f'dak il-fajl:

<template>
    <div class="container mt-5">
        <div class="col-12 text-center">
            <h1>Laravel Vuejs CRUD</h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

Iftaħ il-fajl App.vue u aġġorna l-kodiċi kif ġej:

<template>
    <main>
        <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
            <div class="container-fluid">
                <router-link to="/" class="navbar-brand" href="#">Laravel Vue Crud App</router-link>
                <div class="collapse navbar-collapse">
                    <div class="navbar-nav">
                        <router-link exact-active-class="active" to="/" class="nav-item nav-link">Home</router-link>
                        <router-link exact-active-class="active" to="/category" class="nav-item nav-link">Category</router-link>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </nav>
        <div class="container mt-5">
            <router-view></router-view>
        </div>
    </main>
</template>
 
<script>
    export default {}
</script>

Imbagħad, tiftaħ resource / js / components / category / List.vue  u żid il-kodiċi li ġej fil-fajl:

<template>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-12 mb-2 text-end">
            <router-link :to='{name:"categoryAdd"}' class="btn btn-primary">Create</router-link>
        </div>
        <div class="col-12">
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-header">
                    <h4>Category</h4>
                </div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <div class="table-responsive">
                        <table class="table table-bordered">
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th>ID</th>
                                    <th>Title</th>
                                    <th>Description</th>
                                    <th>Actions</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tbody v-if="categories.length > 0">
                                <tr v-for="(category,key) in categories" :key="key">
                                    <td>{{ category.id }}</td>
                                    <td>{{ category.title }}</td>
                                    <td>{{ category.description }}</td>
                                    <td>
                                        <router-link :to='{name:"categoryEdit",params:{id:category.id}}' class="btn btn-success">Edit</router-link>
                                        <button type="button" @click="deleteCategory(category.id)" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                            </tbody>
                            <tbody v-else>
                                <tr>
                                    <td colspan="4" align="center">No Categories Found.</td>
                                </tr>
                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
    name:"categories",
    data(){
        return {
            categories:[]
        }
    },
    mounted(){
        this.getCategories()
    },
    methods:{
        async getCategories(){
            await this.axios.get('/api/category').then(response=>{
                this.categories = response.data
            }).catch(error=>{
                console.log(error)
                this.categories = []
            })
        },
        deleteCategory(id){
            if(confirm("Are you sure to delete this category ?")){
                this.axios.delete(`/api/category/${id}`).then(response=>{
                    this.getCategories()
                }).catch(error=>{
                    console.log(error)
                })
            }
        }
    }
}
</script>

Wara dan, tiftaħ  resource /js/components/category/Add.vue  u aġġorna l-kodiċi li ġej fil-fajl:

<template>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-12">
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-header">
                    <h4>Add Category</h4>
                </div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <form @submit.prevent="create">
                        <div class="row">
                            <div class="col-12 mb-2">
                                <div class="form-group">
                                    <label>Title</label>
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="category.title">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-12 mb-2">
                                <div class="form-group">
                                    <label>Description</label>
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="category.description">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-12">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
                            </div>
                        </div>                        
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
    name:"add-category",
    data(){
        return {
            category:{
                title:"",
                description:""
            }
        }
    },
    methods:{
        async create(){
            await this.axios.post('/api/category',this.category).then(response=>{
                this.$router.push({name:"categoryList"})
            }).catch(error=>{
                console.log(error)
            })
        }
    }
}
</script>

Wara dan, tiftaħ  resource /js/components/category/Edit.vue  u aġġorna l-kodiċi li ġej fil-fajl:

<template>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-12">
            <div class="card">
                <div class="card-header">
                    <h4>Update Category</h4>
                </div>
                <div class="card-body">
                    <form @submit.prevent="update">
                        <div class="row">
                            <div class="col-12 mb-2">
                                <div class="form-group">
                                    <label>Title</label>
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="category.title">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-12 mb-2">
                                <div class="form-group">
                                    <label>Description</label>
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" v-model="category.description">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-12">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update</button>
                            </div>
                        </div>                        
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
    name:"update-category",
    data(){
        return {
            category:{
                title:"",
                description:"",
                _method:"patch"
            }
        }
    },
    mounted(){
        this.showCategory()
    },
    methods:{
        async showCategory(){
            await this.axios.get(`/api/category/${this.$route.params.id}`).then(response=>{
                const { title, description } = response.data
                this.category.title = title
                this.category.description = description
            }).catch(error=>{
                console.log(error)
            })
        },
        async update(){
            await this.axios.post(`/api/category/${this.$route.params.id}`,this.category).then(response=>{
                this.$router.push({name:"categoryList"})
            }).catch(error=>{
                console.log(error)
            })
        }
    }
}
</script>

DefiLesti t-triq għall-app CRUD f'Vue Router

Issa, trid defispiċċa l- Vue routes, u biex tagħmel dan mur fil-folder  resource / js , oħloq il-fajl route.js  u aġġorna l-kodiċi li ġej fil-fajl:

const Welcome = () => import('./components/Welcome.vue' /* webpackChunkName: "resource/js/components/welcome" */)
const CategoryList = () => import('./components/category/List.vue' /* webpackChunkName: "resource/js/components/category/list" */)
const CategoryCreate = () => import('./components/category/Add.vue' /* webpackChunkName: "resource/js/components/category/add" */)
const CategoryEdit = () => import('./components/category/Edit.vue' /* webpackChunkName: "resource/js/components/category/edit" */)

export const routes = [
    {
        name: 'home',
        path: '/',
        component: Welcome
    },
    {
        name: 'categoryList',
        path: '/category',
        component: CategoryList
    },
    {
        name: 'categoryEdit',
        path: '/category/:id/edit',
        component: CategoryEdit
    },
    {
        name: 'categoryAdd',
        path: '/category/add',
        component: CategoryCreate
    }
]

Hawnhekk użajna komponenti tagħbija bil-mod. vue JS jimmaniġġja t-tagħbija tal-komponenti b'mod lazy b'mogħdijiet, għalhekk fuq id-DOM tista 'tagħbija komponenti biss meta jkunu meħtieġa permezz ta' mogħdijiet.

Inkludi dipendenzi Vue.js f'app.js

Issa trid iżżid il-mogħdijiet kollha, vue-axios u dipendenzi oħra.

resource / js / app.js

require('./bootstrap');
import vue from 'vue'
window.Vue = vue;

import App from './components/App.vue';
import VueRouter from 'vue-router';
import VueAxios from 'vue-axios';
import axios from 'axios';
import {routes} from './routes';
 
Vue.use(VueRouter);
Vue.use(VueAxios, axios);
 
const router = new VueRouter({
    mode: 'history',
    routes: routes
});
 
const app = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    router: router,
    render: h => h(App),
});

Aġġorna webpack.mix.js

webpack.mix.js

const mix = require('laravel-mix');

/*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | Mix Asset Management
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |
 | Mix provides a clean, fluent API for defining some Webpack build steps
 | for your Laravel applications. By default, we are compiling the CSS
 | file for the application as well as bundling up all the JS files.
 |
 */

mix.js('resources/js/app.js', 'public/js')
    .postCss('resources/css/app.css', 'public/css', [
        //
    ]).vue();

Mexxi s-server tal-iżvilupp

Iftaħ it-terminal u mexxi dan il-kmand:

npm run watch

php artisan serve

April lokalhost: 8000 fil-browser.

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